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PBD II Exam 2 - Micro Made Easy > Micro - Gram Negative Bacteria II > Flashcards

Micro - Gram Negative Bacteria II Flashcards

1
Q

enterics

A

gram negative bacteria part of normal intestinal flora

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2
Q

biochem properties of enterics

A

ability to ferment lactose

production of H2S

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3
Q

EMB agar

A

methylene blue inhibits gram positives
those that ferment lactose - deep purple to black

E. coli - metallic green sheen

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4
Q

gram negatives that ferment lactose

A

E. coli and most of enterobacteriaceae

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5
Q

cannot ferment lactose

A

salmonella, shigella, pseudomonas aeuriginosa

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6
Q

macconkey agar

A

bile salts inhibit gram positive

lactose fermenters develop pink-purple coloration

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7
Q

determining fecal contamination of water

A

presumptive test - test tube with lactose
-if ferment- continue

confirmed test - streak water on EMB
-E. coli should show up metallic green

completed test - green colonies in lactose broth again - if produce acid and gas, know you have E. coli

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8
Q

E. coli

A

coliform

-normal inhabitant of the intestinal tract

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9
Q

enteric surface antigens

A

O - differs among organisms
K - capsule
H - bacterial flagella

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10
Q

watery diarrhea without systemic symptoms

A

no cell invasion
-caused by exotoxin release in GI tract

enterotoxigenic E. coli and vibrio cholera

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11
Q

diarrhea with local white blood cell infiltrates in stool and fever as well as RBCs in stool

A

invasion of intestinal epithelium has occured

enteroinvasive E. coli, shigella, salmonella enteritidis

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12
Q

diarrhea with fever, headache, and white blood cell count elevation systemically

A

invasion of lymph nodes and blood stream

salmonella typhi
yersinia enterocolitica
campylobacter jejuni

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13
Q

E. coli cause disease

A

when get genes for virulence factors

can lead to diarrhea, UTI, neonatal meningitis, gram negative sepsis

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14
Q

montezumas revenge

A

travelers diarrhea

in adults and children

caused by E. coli

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15
Q

different types of E. coli

A

named based on virulence factors

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16
Q

enterotoxigenic E. coli

A

ETEC

travelers diarrhea

heat labile toxin
heat stable toxin

stool like rice water - like cholera

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17
Q

enterhemorrhagic E. coli

A

EHEC

shiga-like toxin

bloody diarrhea, severe cramps

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18
Q

hemorrhagic colitis

A

blood diarrhea

caused by EHEC

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19
Q

hemolytic uremic syndrome

A

anemia
thrombocytopenia
renal failure

EHEC - E coli 0157:H7

from infected hamburger meat

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20
Q

enteroinvasive E coli

A

EIEC
-same disease caused by shigella

bacteria invades epithelial cells

fever with bloody diarrhea with WBCs

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21
Q

cholera diarrhea

A

rice water

22
Q

shigellosis diarrhea

A

bloody with white cells

23
Q

pili virulence factor in E. coli

A

can travel up urethra

  • infect baldder - cystitis
  • infect kidney - pyelonephritis
24
Q

most common cause of urinary tract infection

A

E. coli

usually in women and hospitalized patients with catheters

25
Q

dysuria, frequency, and feeling of fullness over bladder

A

UTI

-most common - E. coli

26
Q

Dx of UTI

A

greater than 100,000 colonies of bacteria in urine

27
Q

most common cause of neonatal meningitis

A

1 - group B strep

2 - E. coli

28
Q

most common cause of gram negative sepsis

A

E. coli

due to lipid A of LPS

second is klebsiella

29
Q

klebsiella pneumoniae

A

causes sepsis

also UTIs in hospitalized patients with foley catheters

also pneumonia

  • especially hospitalized patients and alcoholics
  • get associated bloody sputum
30
Q

thick sputum that looks like red currant jelly with pneumonia

A

klebsiella

high mortality

31
Q

proteus mirabilis

A

very motile
-can break down urea

cross reacing antigens with rickettsia

32
Q

UTI with alkaline pH

A

proteus mirabilis

33
Q

antigens cross react in proteus mirabilis and rickettsia

A

OX-19, OX-2, OX-K

34
Q

enterobacter

A

mobile, gram-negative rod

35
Q

bright red pigment and causes UTIs, wound infections, and pneumonia

A

serratia

36
Q

shigella

A

four species

  • dysenteriae, flexneri, boydii, sonnei
  • all non-motile - no flagella
  • no lactose fermenting
  • no H2S production
37
Q

differentiate shigella, E. coli, salmonella

A

shigella - no lactose, no H2S
E. coli - lactose, no H2S
salmonella - no lactose, H2S

38
Q

dysentery in preschool age children and in nursing homes

A

shigella

39
Q

always a pathogen

A

shigella and salmonella

40
Q

shiga toxin

A

causes cell destruction

-inhibits ribosome 60S - no protein synthesis - cell death

41
Q

Vi antigen

A

on salmonella

-protects from attack on O antigen by antibodies

42
Q

salmonella

A

non-lactose fermenter
motile
produces H2S

lives in GI tract of animals

43
Q

eat uncooked chicken eggs

A

salmonella

44
Q

salmonella typhi

A

typhoid fever

-carried only by humans

45
Q

fever, headache, abdomen pain (diffuse or RLQ), diarrhea, rose spots rash on abdomen

A

typhoid fever

salmonella typhi

46
Q

carrier of salmonella typhi

A

stored in gallbladder

-can spread

47
Q

salmonella choleraesuis

A

affects lung, brain, bone

no GI involvement

48
Q

patients with no spleen

A

difficulty clearing encapsulated bacteria

susceptible to salmonella

49
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

prone to salmonella osteolyelitis

bone infection

50
Q

most common type of salmonella infection

A

diarrhea

-nausea, abdomen pain, diarrhea (watery or mucous and trace blood)

PBD II Exam 2 - Micro Made Easy (21 decks)

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