metabolism 3

Question 1

where does the citric acid cycle occur?

Answer 1

mitochondrial matrix

Question 2

does citric cycle require oxygen?

Answer 2

no but it is considered an aerobic process because it takes place in the presence of oxygen.

Question 3

the pyruvate enter the?

Answer 3

matrix

Question 4

in thepresence of nad+, pyruvate

Answer 4

oxidizes to form acetyl coA and produces 1 nadh for each pryvate oxidizing = 2

Question 5

acetyl coa enters the

Answer 5

citric acid cycle

Question 6

how many steps in the citric acid cycle?

Answer 6

8 and has 8 enzymes

Question 7

how many nadh co2 atp and acetyl coa before the citric acid cycle?

Answer 7

4 nadh , 2 co2, 2 atp, and 2 acetyl coA

Question 8

what was made after the citric acid cycle?

Answer 8

1 atp in step 5, 3 adh in steps 3,4,8, 1 fadh2 in step 6 and 2 co2 in step 3 and 4

Question 9

how many times does the citric acid cycle go around oe molecule of glucose?

Answer 9

for each molecule of glucose, the citric cycle goes around 2x. so for one molecule of glucose, 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, AND 4 CO2

Question 10

has glucose been fully oxidized by this point?

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

after the citric acid cycle, __ molecules of NADH and ___ molecules of FADH2 have been generated.

Answer 11

6 nadh and 2 fadh2

Question 12

these molecules are carrying ?

Answer 12

high energy electrons with potential energy

Question 13

this stored energy is used to drive atp synthesis in the process of?

Answer 13

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 14

what happens. next?

Answer 14

the electrons are transferred from one electron carrier to another until they combbine with o2 and h to form h20.

Question 15

where does etc occur?

Answer 15

inner membrane of mitochondria

Question 16

the process by which atp is made from energy released by the etc is called

Answer 16

oxidative phosphorlyation: the use of redox reaxtions in an etc to produce the energy needed to attach pi to adp to make atp.

Question 17

the enzyme that makes atp from adp and pi is called

Answer 17

atp synthase

Question 18

this reaction is endergonic, where does the cell get the energy from?

Answer 18

ion gradient of h+ that exists across the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 19

how is the h+ gradient generated

Answer 19

by the etc

Question 20

when the electrons are transferred from one carrier to the next,

Answer 20

a small amount of energy is released and that is used to pump h+ across the membrane from the matric to the intermembrane space

Question 21

the electron carriers pick up and release protons when they pick up electrons

Answer 21

yes

Question 22

the h+ gradient that exists is called the

Answer 22

proton motive force

Question 23

after movement into the intermembrane space, there

Answer 23

is now an electrochemical difference across the inner membrane

Question 24

since h+ is an ion, it cannot diffuse across membrane on its own..

Answer 24

it passes through the channel formed by the atp synthase

Question 25

making atp is a type of work?

Answer 25

chemical work what is the energy soruce?? proton gradient formed by the etc aka pmf

Question 26

what is chemiosmosis?

Answer 26

an energy coupling mechanism that makes use of proton gradient to drive cellular work:
- mitochondria uses it to make atp
- planrs use it to transport molecules proton pump
- bacteria use it to rotate flagella

Question 27

what is the max yield of atp obtained in cellular respiration per molecule of glucose?

Answer 27

30-32

Question 28

glycolysis made 2 atp, citric acid cycle made 2 atp, so far 4 made. how have they been made

Answer 28

substrate level phosphorylation

Question 29

most of the atp generated is via oxidative phosphorlyation.

Answer 29

1 nadh molecule makes 2.5 atp and 1fadh2 makes 1.5 atp

Question 30

10 nadh, 2 fadh and 4 atp from glycolysis and cac

Answer 30

10 nadh = 25, 2 fadh = 3 + 4 = 32

Question 31

why is there a range for atp produced per molecule of glucose

Answer 31

depeds on the type of cell:

Question 32

intermediates of the cac can be used to make?

Answer 32

amino acids. fatty acids can be made from acetyl coa

Question 33

what is the key regulator of cellular respiration?

Answer 33

phosphofructokinase