Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biol1210 > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

all organisms are made up of?

A

cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

single celled organisms vs multicellular organisms?

A

single celled: bacteria, archaea, some protists
multicellular: plants, animals, fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the cell theory?

A
  • every living organism is made up of one or more cells.
  • cells are the smallest,basic unit of life.
  • all cells arise from pre-existing cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the 2 types of cells?

A

prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells?

A

prokaryotic: small, doesnt have nucleus, lack membrane bound organelles , 1-5um
eukaryotic: large, has nucleus, has membrane bound organelles, 10-100um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

do larger organisms have larger cells?

A

no, they just have more cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

4 basic components of any cell?

A
  1. cell membrane
  2. cytoplasm
  3. genetic material: dna/rna
  4. ribosomes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

all organisms can be placed into one of 3 domains?

A

bacteria, archaea, and eukarya

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is an organelle?

A

a membrane enclosed structure with a specialized function
ex: golgi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the endomembrane system?

A

collection of membraneous organelles inside and surrounding the cell.
nuclear envelope, er, golgi, vesicles, lysosomes, plasma membrane, vacuoles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the membranes of the endomembrane system are related by?

A

direct physical continuity or by vesicular transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what organelles are found in plant cells but not animal cells?

A

chloroplast, cell wall, central vacuole, plastids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what organelles are found in animal cells but not plant cells?

A

lysosome, centrioles, cilia/flagella, smaller vacuoles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

animal cells dont have a cell wall, they have?

A

extracellular matrix consisting of protein fibres, most abundant is collagen. collagen plays a role in structural support.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

collagen is embedded in a network of?

A

proteoglycan complexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

whats the function of the ECM?

A
  • provides structural support
  • helps keep cells in place
  • keeps cells in contact with eachother
  • role in communicating with the cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

plant cell communication?

A

plant cells form direct connections with one another at plasmodesmata. these are channels that connect the cytoplasm of two plant cells.

18
Q

how do animal cells communicate?

A

through gap junctions: consist of specialized membrane proteins that surround a pore allowing certain molecules to pass through.

19
Q

how are cells studied?

A

with the use of microscopes

20
Q

whats the most commonly used microscope in the lab?

A

light microscope

21
Q

4 different types of light microscopes?

A

bright field microscope
dark field microscope
phase contrast microscope
fluorescence microscope

22
Q

most modern microscopes are?

A

compound microscopes: use several lenses in combination to enlarge an image

23
Q

what are compound microscopes useful for?

A
  • looking at dead stained cells
  • one will see a dark object on a light background
24
Q

what microscopes allow to see living organisms?

A

darkfield and phase contrast microscopes

25
Q

electron microscopes?

A

use electrons as the source of illumination.
1. transmission electron microscope: internal structures
2. scanning electron microscope: surface topology of cell: 3D shape

26
Q

cytoskeleton function?

A

helps to move materials within the cell

27
Q

smooth er function?

A

synthesize lipids

28
Q

mitochondria function?

A

produces energy for the cell

29
Q

ribosome function?

A

site of protein synthesis

30
Q

lysosome function?

A

contains enzymes that help clean up and recycle old materials in the cell

31
Q

golgi function?

A

involved in sorting and shipping proteins

32
Q

rough er function?

A

involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins:

33
Q

chloroplast function?

A

site of photosynthesis

34
Q

plasma membrane function?

A

controls what enters and exits the cell

35
Q

nuclear envelope function?

A

double membrane with pores surrounding the nucleus:

36
Q

vacuole

A

a space in the cytoplasm surrounded by a membrane

37
Q

nucleus function?

A

organelle that contains genetic material

38
Q

nucleolus function?

A

site where rRNA and ribosomal subunits are made

39
Q

cytoplasm function?

A

region located between the plasma membrane and nucleus

40
Q

centriole function?

A

microtubule organizing center

41
Q

centrosome function?

A

region where the centrioles are located

Biol1210 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions