Chapter 2 Flashcards
why are electrons important?
they play a role in chemical bonding
what is a chemical bond?
a chemical bond is the force that holds atoms together
how does chemical bonding happen?
by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons
what are the 3 types of chemical bonds?
covalent bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrogen bonds
what is covalent bonding?
sharing of a pair of valence electrons
what is a molecule?
consists of two or more atoms held by covalent bonds.
what is a single bond vs double bond?
single bond: sharing of one pair of electrons and double bond: sharing of two pairs of electrons
is o2 a compound?
no a compound is a substance consisting of two or more different elements/atoms. o2 is just oxygen.
what is o2 or h2 then?
it is a molecule because it consists of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. it can be the same one.
covalent bonds can be?
nonpolar or polar:
in a nonpolar covalent bond..
atoms have similar electronegativities and share the electrons equally
what is electronegativity?
the ability of an atom to pull a shared electron more towards itself.
example: oxygen and nitrogen
in a polar covalent bond..
the atoms have different electronegativities and share the electrons unequally
what is an ionic bond?
chemical bond formed between two atoms when one atom donates one or more electrons to another atom.
- attraction between anions and cations
what are ions?
charged particles that form when atoms gain or lose electrons
