Metabolism

Question 1

What is the role of insulin in metabolism?

Answer 1

Insulin is a hypoglycemic hormone that promotes glucose conversion and cellular uptake in muscle

Question 2

What is the role of glucagon in metabolism

Answer 2

: Glucagon is a hyperglycemic hormone that helps liberate glucose from stores in the liver and fat

Question 3

How is glucose stored in the body

Answer 3

Glucose is converted to glycogen and stored in the liver and muscle; it can also be converted to fats and stored in adipose tissue, liver, or muscle.

Question 4

How are blood glucose levels regulated?

Answer 4

Blood glucose levels are regulated by insulin and glucagon.

Question 5

What is the major energy source for neurons?

Answer 5

Glucose

Question 6

What does glucose oxidation produce, and why?

Answer 6

Glucose is oxidized to generate ATP, which provides short-term energy for all cells.

Question 7

Describe the processes in the “Fed” state

Answer 7

The GI tract releases glucose, amino acids, and triglycerides; glucose is stored as glycogen in muscle and liver, amino acids become proteins, and triglycerides are stored or broken down. Glucose is also converted into ATP for all tissues

Question 8

What happens to glycogen in the “Fasted” state?

Answer 8

Stored glycogen is broken down to create energy