Metabolism Flashcards
Anabolic Reaction
Build up of large molecules from smaller molecules
Catabolic Reaction
Break down of Larger molecules into smaller molecules
Enzymes
3D protiens that have active sites
Activation Energy
Energy needed to start a chemical reaction
Catabolic Enzymes
Weakening of chemical bonds, substrate breaking into smaller products
Anabolic Enzymes
Forms Chemical bonds, substrate forming into larger products
Cofactors and Coenzymes
Small non-protien molecules vital for enzyme function
Inhibitors
Molecules that interfere with the enzyme in some way
Competitive Inhibitor
Similar shape to the substrate and prevents substrates binding to active site
Non-Competitive inhibitor
Binds to enzyme (Not AS) and changes shape of enzyme, prevents product complex from forming
Factors affecting enzyme activity
Temperature, pH, Enzyme concentration, Co-factors
Affects of high temperatures
Active site denatures, chemical bonds break and no products formed
Affects of wrong PH
Enzymes are denatured by pH
Enzyme Concentration
Rate of reaction increases, assuming sufficient substrate
Substrate Concentration
Increases reaction rate initially, but active site becomes saturated
Optimal Environment
Optimal conditions where enzymes process substrates the fastest
Cellular respiration summary equation
Glucose + Oxygen -> Water + Carbon Dioxide + Energy (ATP)
Anaerobic
Happens without oxygen being present
Aerobic
Happens when oxygen is present
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
Glycolysis
Breaks down 1 molecule of glucose to produce 2 molecules of pyruvate
Krebs Cycle
The series of reactions during which pyruvate is broken down with oxygen
Electron transport Chain
Final steps of Aeroic Respiration - in mitochondria membrane
Base metabolic Rate
Smallest amount of energy that can sustain life
