Cells & Tissues

Question 1

Hierachical Body Organisation

Answer 1

Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organ System - Organism

Question 2

Cell Theory

Answer 2

All living organisms are made up of Cells

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Semi-Fluid Matrix containing cell contents

Question 4

Cytosol

Answer 4

Liquid part of Cytoplasm

Question 5

Cell Membrane

Answer 5

Thin and flexible lipid and protien barrier

Question 6

Mitochondria

Answer 6

Carries out Cellular respiration to produce ATP

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

Carry out protien Synthesis

Question 8

Nucleus

Answer 8

Regulates all cell activity

Question 9

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 9

Where Ribsomes are found

Question 10

Smoothe Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 10

Connects to Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, but no ribosomes

Question 11

Vesicle

Answer 11

Membranous ‘bubbl’e

Question 12

Golgi Body

Answer 12

Stacked sacks of modified protiens

Question 13

Centrioles

Answer 13

Cylindrical structures involved in cell reproduction

Question 14

Cytoskeleton

Answer 14

Internal scaffolding of protien fibers in the cytoplasm

Question 15

Cilia

Answer 15

Small progections on cells to move substances over the surface

Question 16

4 majour tissue Types

Answer 16

Epithelial, Muscle, Nerve and Connective

Question 17

Epithelial

Answer 17

Tissues that line body surfaces (internal & external)

Question 18

Muscle

Answer 18

Contractile and elastic

- Smooth or cardiac

Question 19

Nerve

Answer 19

Made up of Neurons

Question 20

Connective Tissue

Answer 20

Provides support / structure to the body

Question 21

Cell Membrane

Answer 21

Thin barrier made up of a phosolipid Bilayer

Question 22

Lipid Bilayer

Answer 22

Phosphate group (head) and two lipid tails

Question 23

Channel Protiens

Answer 23

Allows small molecules (water & w. soluable ions) though. Not specific

Question 24

Carrier Protiens

Answer 24

Bind to a particular molecule - specific. Only allows that molecule through

Question 25

Cell identity markers

Answer 25

Indicates if cell is apart of your body

Question 26

Diffusion

Answer 26

Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to a area of low concentration

Question 27

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 27

Transported molecule binds to carrier protien, which changes shape to move the molecule through

Question 28

Osmosis

Answer 28

Movement of Water molecules across a semi permeable membrane

Question 29

Hypotonic solution (Below or Under)

Answer 29

Water moves into the cell (may burst)

Question 30

Isotonic

Answer 30

Same concentration of soluts inside and outside. No change

Question 31

Hypertonic (Above)

Answer 31

Water moves out of the cell (Shrinks)

Question 32

Factors affecting rate of diffusion

Answer 32

Molecule Size, shape, concentraion, charge, lipid solubility, temperature

Question 33

Surface area to volume Ratio

Answer 33

Larger organism becomes, smaller SA to V ratio

Question 34

Active Transport -

Answer 34

Movement of particles across membrane against concentration gradient. Requires energy

Question 35

Endocytosis

Answer 35

Small pieces of membrane form vesicles surounding material entering cell

Question 36

Exocytosis

Answer 36

Small pieces of membrane form cesicles surround mateiral exiting cell