meros 3 : epeigouses nevrologikes katastaseis

Question 1

aitia okseias sigxitikis katastasis (d/d anoia afasia psixiki diataraxi)

Answer 1

genika aitia: metavolika-ipoglikaimia ipoksia ,loimokseis(p.x kns ,ouropoiitikou,) ,toksikoi paragontes,farmaka
kns: loimwdi(minigitida) ,aggeiaka, travmatika -diasisi aimatwmata kns

Question 2

se ilikiomena atoma okseia sigxitiki katastasi prokaleitai apo

Answer 2

afidatwsi ,farmaka kai pireto

Question 3

diakopi oinnopnevmatos kanei

Answer 3

tromodes paralirima

Question 4

kliniki ekdilwsi isxaimias vasikis artirias

Answer 4

tetrapligias ,vathi koma, kaki prognwsi

Question 5

apofraksi mesis efkefalikis kliniki eikona

Answer 5

imipligia imianopsia

Question 6

poia einai i variteri prognwsi apo ola ta agkeiaka egkefalika epeisodia

Answer 6

iparaxnoeidis aimoragia

Question 7

simeia iparaxnoeidous aimoragias

Answer 7

i sovaroteri ,aifnidia ,(tsekouri stin inioavxeniki xwra) ,entoni kefalalgia,diskampsia,den exei estiaka simeia ,epikindini epikloki: agkeiospasmos , egkefaliko oidima,idrokefalos

Question 8

prodiathesikoi paragontes gia aee

Answer 8

artiriaki ipertasi ,sd ,paliotero aee

Question 9

simeia okseias loimwksis egkefalou(minigkitida ,egkefalitida ,entopismeni loimwksi)

Answer 9

piretos ,kefalalgia ,diataraxi epipedou sineidisis,estiaki simeiologia

Question 10

sixnoteros ios pou kanei limwksi kns kai se poio simeio

Answer 10

hsv1 ston krotafiko lovo(erpitiki egkefalitida-ηεγ oksiexma kimata)

Question 11

apoidimatikos osmotikos paragontas pou xorigeiti stin avksimeni endokrania piesi

Answer 11

manitoli(kanoume kai iperaerismo)

Question 12

pws onomazete i epiliptki krisi pou diarkei persisotero tis 0.5 hour

Answer 12

epiliptiki katastasi

Question 13

amesa farmaka antimetwpisis epiliptikis krisis
pereterw metra (diazepami mexri 40 mg kai fainintoini 15mg/kg rithmo 50 mg/min)

Answer 13

diazepami (0.2 mg/kg) i lorazepami(0.1 mg /kg) koi oi dio endoflevies me vrady rithmo

Question 14

φαινοβαρβιτάλη(eidika metra gia status epiliptixus) (phenobarbital)

Answer 14

ανήκει στα βαρβιτουρικά και χρησιμοποιείται για τις αντισπασμωδικές και κατασταλτικές-υπνωτικές ιδιότητες της στη διαχείριση των επιληπτικών κρίσεων. Η φαινοβαρβιτάλη επιδρά στους υποδοχείς GABAA, αυξάνοντας την συναπτική αναστολή

Question 15

fisiologiki piesi endokrania

Answer 15

0-10mm Hg maximum 15

Question 16

egkefaliko oidima ,eidi

Answer 16

agkeiogenes ,kittarostatiko, idrostatiko(avksimeni diatoixomatiki piesi) , diameso(idrokefalos)

Question 17

simeia egkoleasmou

Answer 17

anisokoria ,diataraxi sinidisis,diataraxes anapnois

Question 18

diataraxes piesis eny

Answer 18

kefalalgia ,emetoi xwris nautia,diataraxes orasis,ataksia

Question 19

epeigon peristatika pou kanoun kefalalgies

Answer 19

aimoragia(iparaxnoeidis i endoegkefaliki) ,miniggitis,endokrania ipertasi(metavalomenos ponos analoga me tin thesi tou somatos) ,krotafiki artiritis(evaisthisia trixwtou -xolotita katw gnathou)

Question 20

se anapnevstiki aneparkeia pos metafrazete to provlima stin zwtiki xoritikotita twn pnevmonwn

Answer 20

meiwsi sto 50% exoume a.a(i timi 15ml/kg)(zwtiki xwritikotita i oliki apovoli aera meta apo oliki eispnoi)

Question 21

okseia prosvoli nwtiaiou mielou kanei nwtiaio shock

Answer 21

xalari paralisi me katargimena antanaklastika , 1-2 w meta emfianisi pathologikwn antanaklastikwn ,epanemfanisi tenontiwn antanaklastikwn ,pou ekselisontai se avksimena

Question 22

metastaseis stous spondilous

Answer 22

pnevmonas ,mastos ,prostatis

Question 23

adamkiewicz apo pious mesoplevrious ekfiete

Answer 23

th8-th11

Question 24

sindeidisi dio xaraktiristika

Answer 24

epipedo(anion diktiwtos sximatismos,stelexos thalamos egk imisfairia) periexomeno (floios)

Question 25

koma vs ipnos

Answer 25

oxi afipnisi ,oxi proslipsi oksigonou apo egkefalo ,meiwmeni nevroniki leitourgeia ,diataraxes ieg(pathologika kimata)

Question 26

se koma amesa xorigoume

Answer 26

theiamini 100mg(sinenzimo gia metavolismo glykozis) ,glykozi, se minigkitida penikilini, toksikwsi me opoioidi naloksoni

Question 27

ναλοξόνη

Answer 27

ανταγωνιστής στους μ, δέλτα, και κάππα υποδοχείς των οπιοειδών κα μπορεί να προλαμβάνει ή να αντιστρέφει τις επιδράσεις των οπιοειδών όπως η αναπνευστική καταστολή, καταστολή και υπόταση. Επίσης, μπορεί να αντιστρέψει τις ψυχομιμητικές και δυσφορικές επιδράσεις των αγωνιστών-ανταγωνιστών, όπως της πενταζοκίνης. Σε περίπτωση απουσίας ναρκωτικών δεν παρουσιάζει ουσιαστικά καμία φαρμακολογική δράsi

Question 28

arnitika kerning brudzinsky ,me diskampsia

Answer 28

ensfinwsi amigdalwn

Question 29

katastasi stin opoia apokathistantai oi litourgeies tou stelexous kai antitheta twn floiwn exoun katastrafei,kai diatiritai o miikos tonos

Answer 29

fitiki katastasi i diaforetika agripno komma,ara exoume epipedo sinidisis xwris to periexomeno( nai sfigmos anapnoi kai sap,diatireitai o miikos tonos) oxi epikoinwnia me to perivalon kai antilipsi eautou tou

Question 30

akiinitiki bobotis

Answer 30

eleipsi apantitikotitas ,diatirisi egrigorsis(fenete sto ieg) ,xalasi miikou tonou

Question 31

locked in syndrome(katastrofi afmo gefiras)

Answer 31

sinidisi fisiologiki ,me paralisi swmatos ektos apo koino kinitiko

Question 32

se egkefaliko thanato apoleia leitourgeiwn ,..

Answer 32

fliou kai stelexous pou apodidontai se mi anastrepsimo paragonta

Question 33

pws ekdilwnete i okseia sigxitiki katastasi(organiko psixosndromo)

Answer 33

diataraxi prosanatolismou se xwro kai xrono,eukoli diaspasi prosoxis,ipnilia i tholwsi ,apodiorganwsi skepsis,diataraxi antilipsis(psevdaisthiseis)

Question 34

amesi antimetwpisi okseias sigxitikis katastasis

Answer 34

rithmizw iponatriaimia stadiaka ,rithmizw metavolikes diataraxes,kai xorigw nevroliptika opws aloperidoli i xlwropromazini (oxi iremistika!!!)

Question 35

peraiterw antimetipisi sigxisis

Answer 35

enidatwsi ,periorismos farmakwn ektos anagkaia ,psixologiki stiriksi,aitiologiki therapeia

Question 36

ti kanw epeigon se iogeni minigkitida

Answer 36

analgitika kai antipiretika

Question 37

se egkefalitida

Answer 37

akikloviri (hsv1)

Question 38

logoi gia status epilipticus(epiliptiki katastasi panw apo misi wra)

Answer 38

eite exoun epilipsia kai to kseroun i oxi ,etiai defterohenws apo metavolika aitia ,ipoksia flegmoni kns ,kak ,farmakeftiki dilitiriasi

Question 39

exete asthenis me kek pws ton eksetazw

Answer 39

1.anapnoi kai kikloforia 2.epipedo sineidisis gcs 3.prosanatolismos se topo kai xroni 4.mnimi(amesi kai prosfati) 5.megethos kai antridrastikotita korwn 6.kinitikotita (dio imimoria somatos)

Question 40

simeia kindinou gia kek meta

Answer 40

ipnilia emetoi kefalalgia

Question 41

ti kanw therapeftika se ena kek

Answer 41

amesa zotika ,pereterw manitoli kai iperaerismo se end ipertasi,se sigxitikodiegertiki katastasi xorigw nevroliptika (OXI barbitourika i iremistika) antimetwpisi piretou ws kentirikis aitiologias

Question 42

aitia prosvolis nwtiaiou mielou

Answer 42

kakwseis ,flegmonwdeis pathiseis(skp,egkarsia mielitis) ,neoplsasmata(mastos prosatis pnevmones) ,aggeiakes vlaves (isxaimia aimatomielia) loimwkseis (apostima, fimatiwdis spondilitis)

Question 43

se kwmatwdi astheni ti koitazw stin kliniki eksetasi

Answer 43

thermokrasia ,kardiagkeiako(piesi kardiakos rithmos) anapnoi , kaliptiria organa,miniggismos ,koilia ,vithoskopisi

Question 44

paremferi katastaseis komatos

Answer 44

firiki katastasi ,akinitiki vovotis ,sindromo egkleismou

Question 45

kwma xwris estiaki simeiologia xwris miniggismo

Answer 45

metavolikes diataraxes(ipatiki neftriki aneparkeia),toksiki vlavi ,loimwkseis sistimatikes, ageiaka aitia,epilipsia ,travmatismos,iper ipothermia ipo

Question 46

kwma xwris estiaki simeiologia me miniggismo

Answer 46

miniggitida kai egkefalitida me pireto ,xwris pireto iparaxnoeidis aimorragia

Question 47

kwma me stelexiaia imisfairiki simeiologia ,

Answer 47

iposkinidiaki i iperskinidiaki vlavi