Meningitis,Joints,Sepsis Flashcards
-Meningitis -Prosthetic Joint -Sepsis
T/F: Encephalitis is usually caused by a virus.
True
MCC encephalitis virus.
Arboviruses
- St. Louis and California (especially La Crosse)
- Transmitted by mosquitos
Viruses ass. w/ encephalitis. (6)
- Arbovirus (MC)
- HSV1
- HHV6
- Mumps
- Measles
- VZV
HSV1 Encephalitis features.
- Brain region affected
- Histology
- CSF findings
- Anterior temporal lobes
- Necrosis/Hemorrhage
- RBCs in CSF
Common cause of viral encephalitis in children.
HHV6 (exanthem subitum)
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis.
Naegleria fowleri
Granulomatous amebic encephalitis causes. (2)
- Acanthamoeba spp.
- Balmuthia mandrillaris
MCC of Aseptic meningitis.
-Seasons
Enteroviruses (All age groups)
-Summer and Fall
MCC of aseptic meningitis in Winter and Spring.
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCM)
Bacterial Meningitis:
-Neonates (4)
- Group B strep
- E. coli
- Klebsiella
- Listeria monocytogenes
Bacterial Meningitis:
-Infants, young kids, young adults (3)
- Neisseria meningitidis (MC)
- S. pneumoniae
- H. influenzae type B*
*H. influenzae was MC until immunization
Bacterial Meningitis:
-Adults (2)
- S. pneumoniae (MC)
- N. meningitidis
Bacterial Meningitis:
-Southeast Asia (MC)
-Streptococcus suis
Bacterial Meningitis:
-AIDS
- S. pneumoniae (MC)
- M. tuberculosis (basilar meningitis)
- Cryptococcus neoformans
Bacterial Meningitis - CSF findings:
- WBCs
- Glucose
- Marked Leukocytosis (Neutrophils)
- Decreased Glucose (Marked)
Aseptic (Viral) Meningitis - CSF findings:
- WBCs
- Protein
- Glucose
- Mild Leukocytosis (lymphocytes)
- Mild-Moderate Increase in Protein
- Glucose WNL
*Similar findings seen in Encephalitis
Herpes Encephalitis - CSF findings:
- Bloody CSF
- Very High Protein
- Low glucose
MCC of prosthetic joint infections.
Coagulase negative staphylococci
Rare organism commonly seen in Shoulder prostheses.
Propionibacterium acnes
Prosthetic Joint Infection - Organisms:
-Early (<3 months) (2)
- S. aureus
- Gram Neg bacilli
Prosthetic Joint Infection - Organisms:
-Delayed (3-24 months) (2)
- Coag Negative staph
- P. acnes
Sepsis - Definintion.
Systemic inflammation with a known source of infection
Laboratory markers of systemic inflammation. (11)
- Respiratory Alkalosis
- Hypoxemia
- Abnormal WBC count
- Increased CRP
- Increased IL-6
- Increased Procalcitonin
- Increased Lactate
- Hyperglycemia
- Altered Coagulation paramets
- Thrombocytopenia
- Hyperbilirubinemia
Systemic inflammation without an infectious source is called what?
SIRS
systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Most common causes of Neonatal Sepsis. (2)
- E coli
- Groub B streptococcus
Clinical syndromes and Most CommonCausative agents:
-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Rickettsia rickettsii
Clinical syndromes and Most CommonCausative agents:
-Whooping cough
Bordetella pertussis
Clinical syndromes and Most CommonCausative agents:
-Viral pneumonia (Adults)
Influenza A (Orthomyxovirus)
Clinical syndromes and Most CommonCausative agents:
-Osteomyelitis
S. aurues
Clinical syndromes and Most CommonCausative agents:
-Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease
Coxsackie A
Clinical syndromes and Most CommonCausative agents:
-Viral myocarditis
Coxsackie B
Clinical syndromes and Most CommonCausative agents:
-Measles
Rubeola virus
Clinical syndromes and Most CommonCausative agents:
-German Measles
Rebella virus
Clinical syndromes and Most CommonCausative agents:
-Animal bite associated cellulitis
Pasteurella multocida
