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Enterobacteriaceae Flashcards

1
Q

Enterobacteriaceae general characteristics. (3)

A
  • Growth on MacConkey (aerobic)
  • Glucose fermentation
  • Oxidase NEGATIVE
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2
Q

What is Lipid A?

A

Component of LPS

-Endotoxin

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3
Q

What is the O antigen?

A

2nd component of LPS

-Bases for Serogrouping

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4
Q

T/F: Enterobacteriaceae commonly show antimicrobial resistance.

A

True

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5
Q

Enterobacteriaceae - Families (7)

A
  • Escherichieae
  • Edwardsiellae
  • Salmonella (Shigella)
  • Citrobactereae
  • Klebsiellae (Enterobacter/Pantoea/Hafnia)
  • Proteae (Morganella/Providencia)
  • Yersiniae
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6
Q

Enterobacteriaceae - Key Characteristics:

-Reduce Nitrate to Nitrite

A

ALL Enterobacteriaceae

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7
Q

Enterobacteriaceae - Key Characteristics:

-Strong Lactose Fermentors (Pink/Red on MacConkey)

A
  • E. coli
  • Klebsiella
  • Enterobacter
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8
Q

Enterobacteriaceae - Key Characteristics:

-Hydrogen Sulfide production (H2S+)

A
  • Salmonella
  • Proteus
  • Citrobacter
  • Edwardsiella
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9
Q

Enterobacteriaceae - Key Characteristics:

-Urease Positive (strong)

A
  • Proteus
  • Morganella
  • Providencia
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10
Q

Enterobacteriaceae - Key Characteristics:

-NONMotile

A
  • Shigella
  • Klebsiella
  • Yersinia at 22C (Nonmotile at 37)
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11
Q

Enterobacteriaceae - Key Characteristics:

-Voges-Proskaeuer (VP) Positive

A
  • Klebsiella
  • Enterobacter
  • Panteoea
  • Hafnia
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12
Q

Enterobacteriaceae - Key Characteristics:

-Phenylalanine Deaminase (PAD) Positive

A
  • Proteus
  • Morganella
  • Providencia
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13
Q

KIA/TSI Slant Characteristics:

-K/K (red/red)

A

-NO Fermentation (Glucose/Lactose)
-Excludes all Enterobacteriaceae (ALL all Glucose)
DDx:
-Pseudomonas

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14
Q

KIA/TSI Slant Characteristics:

-K/A (red/yellow)

A

-Glucose Fermentation
-NO Lactose fermentation
DDx:
-Shigella
-Serratia
-Morganella
-Providencia
-Yersinia

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15
Q

KIA/TSI Slant Characteristics:

-K/A/H2S+ (red/black)

A

-Glucose Fermentation
-NO Lactose Fermentation
-H2S production (black)
DDx:
-Salmonella
-Proteus
-Citrobacter
-Edwardsiella

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16
Q

KIA/TSI Slant Characteristics:

-A/A (yellow/yellow)

A 
-Glucose and Lactose Fermentation
DDx:
-E. coli
-Klebsiella
-Enterobacter
17
Q

E. coli:

  • Fermentation
  • Indole
  • Enzyme activity
A

E. coli:

  • Lactose/Glucose Fermentation
  • Indole POSITIVE
  • B-glucoronidase activity
18
Q

E. coli strain capable of producing Shiga Toxin?

  • Associated Complication
  • Serotype
A

EHEC (Enterohemorrhagic E. coli)/STEC (Shiga Toxin E. coli)

  • Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
  • O157:H7
19
Q

E. coli strain causing waterborne secretory (watery) diarrhea?

  • Toxin
  • Main cause of what?
A

ETEC (Enterotoxigenic E. coli)

  • Cholera-like Toxins
  • “Traveler’s Diarrhea”
20
Q

E. coli strain causing Dysentery?

-Toxin

A

EIEC (Enteroinvasive E. coli)

-Shiga-like toxin (T3SS)

21
Q

E. coli strain causing Dysentery similar to tha caused by Shigella, but does NOT produce Shigalike Toxin?
-Transmission

A

EPEC (Enteropathogenic E. coli)

-Person-to-Person

22
Q

E. coli strain causing infant diarrhea in underdeveloped countries?
-U.S. population at risk?

A

EAggEC (Enteroaggregative E. coli)

-HIV+ - Chronic Refractory Diarrhea

23
Q

EHEC 0157:H7 - Culture characteristic?

A

Does NOT ferment Sorbitol in Sorbitol MacConkey plates

24
Q

EIEC characteristics Vs. other E. coli.

A
  • NONmotile
  • Lactose NONfermenting

*similar to Shigella

25
Q

Typhoid Fever:

  • Organisms
  • Infection site
A

Salmonella typhi or paratyphi

-Traverse bowel wall and embed within Reticuloendothelial cells of Liver, Spleen and Gall Bladder

26
Q

What is the most common organisms causing Shigellosis in the U.S.?
*Underdeveloped countries

A

S. sonnei

*S. flexneri in underdeveloped countries

27
Q

Shigella:

  • Inoculum
  • Complications (2)
A

Small inoculum (100-200 bacteria)

Complications:

  • S. dysenteriae can cause HUS
  • S. flexneri can lead to PostInfectious Arthritis in HLA-B27+ Patients
28
Q

Klebsiella:

  • MC manifestation
  • Characteristic feature
A

Pneumonia (Necrotizing)

-“Current Jelly” sputum

29
Q

What Klebsiella spp. is known to cause neonatal sepsis?

A

K. oxytoca

30
Q

Klebsiella association with Upper Airway Infection.

A

Rhinoscleroma (Chronic Granulomatous Dz)

-K. rhinoscleromatis

31
Q

Yersinia isolation conditions.

  • Temp
  • Medium
A

Isolation at Room Temp. in selective media (CIN agar)

32
Q

Humans are accidental hosts of Yersinia (zoonotic); what type of climate is this most often found?

A

Cold climates

33
Q

Yersinia is an important cause of what?

A

Transfusion related sepsis

34
Q

What Yersinia spp. produces necrotizing granulomata resembling TB?

A

Y. pseudotuberculosis

35
Q

What Yersinia spp. causes the plague?

Boards.CP.Micro (28 decks)

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