Meningeal Layers, Duralfolds And Dural Venous Sinuses Flashcards
What are the 3 meningeal layers surrounding the brain and the spinal cord from the most superficial to deep?
How do you remember this order?
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
DAP
What are the dips in the brain called?
Sulci
What are the bulges of the brain called?
Gyri
What is the Pia mater and how does it run in relation to the brain and the spinal cord?
Microscopic layer that cant be separated from the surface of the brain or spinal cord
It runs in the grooves of the gyri, sulci and the fissures of the brain
How does the arachnoid mater run around the brain and spinal cord?
How does it relate to the Pia mater?
Completely surrounds them but does not run through the gyri, sulci or fissures
Gap between Pia mater and the arachnoid mater
What is the area between the Pia mater and the Arachnoid mater called?
Subarachnoid space
What is contained in the subarachnoid space?
Cerebral arteries and veins (drain into dural venous sinuses)
How does the dura mater run around the brain and the spinal cord?
Outermost layer
In contact with the arachnoid mater due to the arachnoid mater being pushed outwards from the pressure of the CSF in the sub arachnoid space
What is the longitudinal fissure of the brain?
Fissure separating the left hemisphere from the right hemisphere
What are the fissures called that run in the horizontal plan in each hemisphere?
Lateral fissures
Describe the appearance of the Dura mater:
Outermost tough fibrous membrane
Describe the appearance of the Arachnoid mater:
Soft, fibrous translucent membrane
Describe the appearance of the Pia mater:
Delicate and adheres to the surface of the brain following every fold
What are the leptomeninges?
Pia mater + Arachnoid mater
What is meningitis?
How is it normally diagnosed?
Infection of the leptomeninges
Lumbar puncture performed to see if CSF is cloudy
What are the 2 parts of the Dura mater called?
Periosteal dural layer
Meningeal dural layer
What key artery runs between the periosteal layer of dura mater and the inner table of the bones of the skull?
Middle meningeal artery
What is the periosteal layer of Dura mater in contact with?
What is the meningeal layer of dura mater in contact with?
Periosteal layer = inner table of bone of skull
Meningeal = arachnoid mater
Why does the dura mater only have 2 layers in the skull and not the spinal cord?
No periosteal layer adhered to the inner table of bone in the spinal cord since there isn’t any skull bones here
What 2 things can form as a result of the separation of the periosteal layer of dura and the meningeal layer of dura?
Dural venous sinuses
Dural folds
What is a dural venous sinus?
Spaces which fill with venous blood in the skull which then drain to the base of the skull
What layer of dura actually moves outward and forms the dural folds or dural venous sinuses?
Meningeal layer of dura
What is the main dural fold produced by the meningeal layer of dura separating at the skull cap?
Dural fold forming the longitudinal fissure
What is a special dural venous sinus formed at the floor of the cranium?
Why is it special?
Cavernous venous sinus
Contains venous blood but also other important structures
Is a paired dural venous sinus
What is the name of the dural fold which runs all the way along the midline of the skull separating the 2 hemispheres?
Falx cerebri
What is the name of the dural fold which runs in a horizontal plane?
Tentorium cerebelli
What dural fold does the falx cerebri attatch to posteriorly?
The tentorium cerebelli
What does the falx cerebri attach to anteriorly?
Anterior cranial fossa where crista Gali found
What is the tentorial notch?
Opening in the tenntorium cerebelli which allows brainstem to connect to spinal cord
Loo at slide 10 in lecture to look at the different dural venous sinuses