Lecture 1 - General Org Flashcards
What are the 2 types of Cranium and what do they do?
Neurocranium - encases brain
Viserocranium - produces facial skeleton
What is the scalp?
Whole of the top of the head that runs from the top of the eye brows to the back of the head above the ears
What is the face?
From the eyebrows down to the chin
What are the 2 main nerves of the face?
Facial nerve
Trigeminal nerve
How many cranial nerves are there?
12 cranial nerves
What are the 2 types of muscles in the face?
Muscles of mastication
Muscles of facial expression
What nerve supplies the Muscles of Facial expression?
Facial nerve
What nerve supplies the Muscles of Mastication and what branch?
Trigeminal nerve (mandibular division)
What joint do the muscles of Mastication act on?
Temporomandibular joint
What is the prominent cheek bone called?
Zygoma
what is the bone in the middle of the skull called (where the nose is)?
Maxilla
What is the name of the jaw bone?
Mandible
What is the muscle of the forehead?
Occipitofrontalis
What does Occipitofrontalis do?
Raises eyebrows and wrinkles forehead
What is the muscle the circles around each bony orbit?
Orbicularis oculi
What are the 2 parts of orbicularis oculi?
Orbital
Palpebral
What is the general role of orbicularis oculi?
Blinking
Protecting the and keeps the eye moist
What is the role of the orbital part of Orbicularis oculi?
Squeeze eyelids tightly together
What is the role of the Palpebral part of Orbicularis oculi?
Gently closes eyelids (involuntary blinking)
What is the name of the muscle surrounding the orifice of the mouth?
Orbicularis oris
What is the role of orbicularis oris?
Purses lips together
Seals mouth closed
What muscle forms the wall of the cheek?
Buccinator
What is the role of Buccinator?
Holds cheek in towards teeth
What 2 muscles act to dilate the mouth drawing the angles of the mouth superiority and posteriorly?
Risorius
Zygomaticus major
What type of muscle is Platysma out of the 2 types in the face?
Muscle of facial expression
Where does platysma originate and insert?
From fascia on anterior chest and inserts into lower part of mandible
What is the action of platysma?
Tenses skin of anterior neck drawing the lower lips down
What are all the muscles of facial expression?
Occipitofrontalis
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
Buccinator
Platysma
What nerve innervates all the muscles of facial expression?
Cranial nerve VII
What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve supplying the muscles of facial expression?
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Marginal mandibular branch
Cervical branch
What gland does the facial nerve branches run through?
Parotid gland
What is the pneumonic to remeber the 5 branches of the facial nerve?
To Zanzibar By Motor Car
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Marginal mandibular
Cervical branch
What is the likely illness if someone’s parotid gland is swollen and there damage to a facial nerve?
Malignancy
What is the most common cause of facial nerve lesions?
Bell’s palsy
What is the scale used to indicate severity of Ipsilateral facial muscle weakens or paralysis from a a facial nerve lesion?
House-Brackmann scale
How many muscles of mastication are there?
4
What are the 4 muscles of mastication?
Lateral pterygoids
Medial pterygoids
Temporalis
Masseter
What are the muscles of mastication innervated by?
Mandibular division of Trigeminal nerve
What is the role of the lateral pterygoids?
Depress mandible
Laaaaaaaaterall depresses mandible like your saying laaaaaaaa
What action do the pterygoids do?
Move mandible side to side
What is the role of the medial pterygoids?
Elevates/closes jaw
What is the role of temporalis?
Where is it?
Elevates and retracts mandible
Feel at temples when clench jaw
What does masseter do and where is it?
Elevates and protracts mandible
Side of cheek felt when clench cheek
What cranial nerve is the Trigeminal nerve?
Cranial nerve V
What are the 3 branches of the Trigeminal nerve?
Ophthalmic division
Maxillary division
Mandibular division
What are the 2 branches of the Trigeminal nerve that free purely sensory?
Opthalmic division
Maxillary division
hat division of the Trigeminal nerve has both sensory and motor function?
Mandibular division
