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Y2 - Head N Neck > Lecture 1 - General Org > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - General Org Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of Cranium and what do they do?

A

Neurocranium - encases brain

Viserocranium - produces facial skeleton

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2
Q

What is the scalp?

A

Whole of the top of the head that runs from the top of the eye brows to the back of the head above the ears

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3
Q

What is the face?

A

From the eyebrows down to the chin

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4
Q

What are the 2 main nerves of the face?

A

Facial nerve

Trigeminal nerve

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5
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12 cranial nerves

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6
Q

What are the 2 types of muscles in the face?

A

Muscles of mastication

Muscles of facial expression

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7
Q

What nerve supplies the Muscles of Facial expression?

A

Facial nerve

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8
Q

What nerve supplies the Muscles of Mastication and what branch?

A

Trigeminal nerve (mandibular division)

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9
Q

What joint do the muscles of Mastication act on?

A

Temporomandibular joint

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10
Q

What is the prominent cheek bone called?

A

Zygoma

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11
Q

what is the bone in the middle of the skull called (where the nose is)?

A

Maxilla

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12
Q

What is the name of the jaw bone?

A

Mandible

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13
Q

What is the muscle of the forehead?

A

Occipitofrontalis

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14
Q

What does Occipitofrontalis do?

A

Raises eyebrows and wrinkles forehead

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15
Q

What is the muscle the circles around each bony orbit?

A

Orbicularis oculi

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16
Q

What are the 2 parts of orbicularis oculi?

A

Orbital

Palpebral

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17
Q

What is the general role of orbicularis oculi?

A

Blinking
Protecting the and keeps the eye moist

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18
Q

What is the role of the orbital part of Orbicularis oculi?

A

Squeeze eyelids tightly together

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19
Q

What is the role of the Palpebral part of Orbicularis oculi?

A

Gently closes eyelids (involuntary blinking)

20
Q

What is the name of the muscle surrounding the orifice of the mouth?

A

Orbicularis oris

21
Q

What is the role of orbicularis oris?

A

Purses lips together
Seals mouth closed

22
Q

What muscle forms the wall of the cheek?

A

Buccinator

23
Q

What is the role of Buccinator?

A

Holds cheek in towards teeth

24
Q

What 2 muscles act to dilate the mouth drawing the angles of the mouth superiority and posteriorly?

A

Risorius
Zygomaticus major

25
Q

What type of muscle is Platysma out of the 2 types in the face?

A

Muscle of facial expression

26
Q

Where does platysma originate and insert?

A

From fascia on anterior chest and inserts into lower part of mandible

27
Q

What is the action of platysma?

A

Tenses skin of anterior neck drawing the lower lips down

28
Q

What are all the muscles of facial expression?

A

Occipitofrontalis
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
Buccinator
Platysma

29
Q

What nerve innervates all the muscles of facial expression?

A

Cranial nerve VII

30
Q

What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve supplying the muscles of facial expression?

A

Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Marginal mandibular branch
Cervical branch

31
Q

What gland does the facial nerve branches run through?

A

Parotid gland

32
Q

What is the pneumonic to remeber the 5 branches of the facial nerve?

A

To Zanzibar By Motor Car

Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Marginal mandibular
Cervical branch

33
Q

What is the likely illness if someone’s parotid gland is swollen and there damage to a facial nerve?

A

Malignancy

34
Q

What is the most common cause of facial nerve lesions?

A

Bell’s palsy

35
Q

What is the scale used to indicate severity of Ipsilateral facial muscle weakens or paralysis from a a facial nerve lesion?

A

House-Brackmann scale

36
Q

How many muscles of mastication are there?

A

4

37
Q

What are the 4 muscles of mastication?

A

Lateral pterygoids
Medial pterygoids
Temporalis
Masseter

38
Q

What are the muscles of mastication innervated by?

A

Mandibular division of Trigeminal nerve

39
Q

What is the role of the lateral pterygoids?

A

Depress mandible

Laaaaaaaaterall depresses mandible like your saying laaaaaaaa

40
Q

What action do the pterygoids do?

A

Move mandible side to side

41
Q

What is the role of the medial pterygoids?

A

Elevates/closes jaw

42
Q

What is the role of temporalis?

Where is it?

A

Elevates and retracts mandible

Feel at temples when clench jaw

43
Q

What does masseter do and where is it?

A

Elevates and protracts mandible

Side of cheek felt when clench cheek

44
Q

What cranial nerve is the Trigeminal nerve?

A

Cranial nerve V

45
Q

What are the 3 branches of the Trigeminal nerve?

A

Ophthalmic division
Maxillary division
Mandibular division

46
Q

What are the 2 branches of the Trigeminal nerve that free purely sensory?

A

Opthalmic division
Maxillary division

47
Q

hat division of the Trigeminal nerve has both sensory and motor function?

A

Mandibular division

Y2 - Head N Neck (24 decks)

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