MEMORY EVALUATION

Question 1

weakness of coding capacity duration studies

Answer 1

lacked standardisation and scientific methods due to time
reduces validity

Question 2

weakness 2 of coding capacity duration studies

Answer 2

studies fail to reflect real life eg: miller and peterson as they use artificial stimuli which have little meaning.
limits generalisability to real life, ecological validity

Question 3

strength of coding capacity duration studies

Answer 3

bahrick used meaningful stimuli eg: real names that would be stored in LTM
high external validity, findings reflect real estimate

Question 4

strength of coding capacity duration studies

Answer 4

bahrick used meaningful stimuli eg: real names that would be stored in LTM
high external validity, findings reflect real estimate

Question 5

weakness 3 of coding capacity duration studies

Answer 5

recent reserach suggets miller over- estimated, more likely 4 items
may reflect outdated methodologies

Question 6

strength of MSM

Answer 6

when presented w list of words
we remember first few ( primacy) and last ( recency )
supports existence of LT and STM

Question 7

strength of MSM ( HM )

Answer 7

HM underwent brain surgery to relieve epilepsy
The removal of some of his brain led to inability to form new LTM, STM fine
SUPPORTS EXISTENCE

Question 8

weakness of MSM ( KF)

Answer 8

KF was found that his STM for digits was poor when read to him, however when he read, it was gd
MODEL OVERSIMPLIFIED
suggest stm and ltm work in one single way??

Question 9

weakness MSM

Answer 9

rehearsal isnt essential for info to enter LTM, we are able to recall info we dont rehearse eg: swim
MODEL OVERSIMPLIFIED
role of rehearsal is less important than suggests

Question 10

strength of types of LTM

Answer 10

Clive Wearing episodic impaired due to brain damage, semantic and procedural fine.
Could play piano, didnt recall events
SUPPORTS TULVING THEORY

Question 11

strength 2 of types of LTM

Answer 11

understanding LTM can help people, interventions have been developed to improve episodic.
ENABLES SPECIFIC TREATMENTS TO BE DEVELOPED

Question 12

weakness of LTM types

Answer 12

Brain scans show episodic and semantic both recalled from different sides of prefrontal cortex, research is mixed.
POOR AGREEMENT ON LTM LOCATION

Question 13

weakness 2 types of LTM

Answer 13

studying brain injured can improve understanding but they lack control, difficult to judge
LACK OF CONTROL LIMITS WHAT CLINICAL STUDIES CAN TELL US

Question 14

strength of WMM

Answer 14

baddley and hitch found pps slower at true and false when using CE and AL compared to another, only using AL
SUPPORTS SLAVE SYSTEMS

Question 15

strength WMM ( KF )

Answer 15

poor stm for auditory, processed visual fine
SUPPORTS EXISTENCE

Question 16

weakness of WMM ( KF)

Answer 16

unclear whether he had other impairments that may have impacted
CHALLENGES EVIDENCE FROM CLINICAL STUDIES. may have affected systems

Question 17

weakness of WMM

Answer 17

criticised for being too simplistic and vague eg: where CE is
QUESTIONS VALIDITY, should detail model

Question 18

strength of retrieval failure

Answer 18

real world application
can explain everyday forgetting
SHOWS STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE RECALL

Question 19

strength 2 retrieval failure

Answer 19

lots of research support
eysenck argues may be main reason for forgetting from LTM
EVIDENCE AND CAN EXPLAIN FORGETTING IN LTM, external val

Question 20

weakness retrieval

Answer 20

baddley argues contexts arent as different as in research to trigger retrieval failure
LACK OF CONTEXTUAL CUES MAY NOT EXPLAIN

Question 21

weakness 2 retrieval

Answer 21

baddeley replicated underwater study but used recognition, no context dependant effect
RETRIEVAL FAILURE LIMITED EXPLANATION OF FORGETTING
MAY ONLY APPLY TO RECALL

Question 22

strength of misleading info

Answer 22

distorting effect of memory has shown importance of police officers phrasing q’s
IMPROVE LEGAL SYSTEMS

Question 23

weakness of misleading info

Answer 23

loftus and palmer lab
different to real life witness
pps may have been less motivated
RESEARCHERS TOO PESSIMISTIC ABOUT EFFECTS OF MISLEADING INFO

Question 24

weakness 2 misleading info

Answer 24

yuille and cutshall found witness of real robbery had accurate recall 4 months after
USING ARTIFICIAL TASKS TELL US LITTLE AB LEADING QUESTIONS EFFECTING EWT IN REAL LIFE

Question 25

weakness of anxiety recall

Answer 25

pps may focus on weapon as they are suprised
a study used handgun, wallet, raw chicken, performance worse for unusual items
WEAPON FE MAY BE DUE TO UNUSUALNESS

Question 26

weakness 2 anxiety recall

Answer 26

things happen to EW in meantime of interview and occuring
EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES MAY EFFECT

Question 27

weakness 3 anxiety recall

Answer 27

creating anxiety is unethical as it may cause LT harm, pps of real life is beneficial
ETHICAL ISSUES DONT BENEFIT FINDINGS
SHOULD WE CONDUCT?

Question 28

weakness 4 of anxiety recall

Answer 28

anxiety difficult to measure and define as it has elements eg: physical, emotional.
Inverted U suggests arousal alone impacts
FAILS TO ACCOUNT EXTERNAL

Question 29

strength cognitive interview

Answer 29

research has found elements of CI is valuable and produce better recall.
CI EFFECTIVE IN IMPROVING ACCURACY

Question 30

strength cognitive interview

Answer 30

meta analysis combined data from 50 studies
CI provided more correct information than standard
BENEFITS

Question 31

weakness cognitive interview

Answer 31

police reluctant as its time consuming and requires training
UNLIKELY USED

Question 32

weakness cognitive interview

Answer 32

studies on CI use diff techniques
eg: the CI vs enhanced vs police evolving
DIFFICULT TO DRAW CONCLUSIONS AS THERE IS RANGE IN DELIVERY TECHNIQUES