Meiosis Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the final products of meiosis ?

A

4 genetically different gametes (sex cells).

These are haploid cells with half the genetic information of the parent cell.

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2
Q

What are haploid cells ?

A

Haploid cells contain half the genetic information of the parents cell.

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3
Q

Why do gametes have half the genetic information of the parent cell ?

A

This means that when two haploids fuse (sex), a diploid cell with the correct amount of genetic information is formed.

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4
Q

What causes genetic difference in meiosis.

A

Independent segregation

When bivalents are made due to two chromosomes crossing and swapping alleles at chiasma points.

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5
Q

What is independent segregation ?

A

Maternal and paternal chromosomes separate randomly.

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6
Q

What are bivalents and how are they created ?

A

Occur when chromosomes cross over and exchange alleles at chiasma points.

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7
Q

At what stage of meiosis can biavelents be produced ?

A

Prophase one

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8
Q

Describe the process of meiosis.

A

Notes

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9
Q

Explain the importance of meiosis in the life cycle of a sexually reproducing organism.

A

Meiosis produced haploid cells which are all genetically different and have half the required genetic information. When 2 haploid cells fuse at fertilisation, a diploid cell with the required genetic information is produced. All will be genetically identical and therefore help survival as a process of natural selection.

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10
Q

Explain the difference in DNA content between speed and liver cells.

A

Sperm is a haploid cell formed by meiosis so will have half the genetic information. While liver cells are formed by mitosis and will have the full genetic count.

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11
Q

Why is there no DNA in red blood cells ?

A

Red blood cells have no nucleus.

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