MEDIA - What Impact has Globalisation had on the Media? Flashcards
What is the definition of Infotainment?
Material which is intended both to entertain and to inform!
What is the definition of Americanisation?
The action of making a person or thing American in character and nationality.
What is the definition of Coca-colonisation?
This refers to the globalisation of American culture (AKA, Americanisation) which is pushed through popular American products, such as soft drinks like Coca-Cola (similar to McDonaldisation).
What are the 5 ways in which media may contribute to the creation of a single popular culture? HINT: Don’t worry if you cannot name all of them; just name and try to remember 2-3!
- Identity
- Popular Protest
- Participatory Culture
- Decline in Metanarratives / Media Saturation
- Media and Local Cultures
(IDENTITY) What Sociologist studied ‘Identity’ and what did they identify? HINT: Global Popular Image + High Culture and Low Culture Merging
Strinati looked into ‘Identity’!
They argue that, in the postmodern world, the distinction between high culture and popular (mass / low) culture has become blurred, which has allowed consumer choice to increase and adapt = EG: The use of classical music in video games and the ability to access art online!
(IDENTITY) Explain how the expansion of New Media technology has influenced people’s identities! HINT: Community
The expansion of new media and technology (such as the smartphone) has attracted a global audience and increased the feeling of a GLOBAL VILLAGE (community), due to our interconnectedness with each other → This increases consumer consumption and can dictate and influence our identity!
(IDENTITY) Explain how New Media technology has led to Disneyification! HINT: Global Popular Culture!
New media and technology has helped spread the consumption of global image, logos and brands across the globe → EG: Nike and Disneyfication of the media = This dictates how people present themselves online, such as via Facebook!
(POPULAR PROTEST) What Sociologist identified ‘Popular Protest’ and what did they say about it?
HINT: Can you identify 2 other Sociologists that this links to, in terms of Democracy?
Murthy identified the influence of ‘Popular Protest’!
They looked into the power and the impact of apps, such as Twitter (300 million users in 2015)! - They say that sites like Twitter and Facebook help to increase political awareness of issues such as human rights abuses, repression and protests (increased democracy)→ Examples include Kony 2012, Arab Spring 2010 and the anti-government demonstrations in Burma in 1988!
(Links to Curran and Seaton and the establishment of New Media)!
(PARTICIPATORY CULTURE) What Sociologist identified ‘Participatory Culture’ and what do they say about it?
Jenkins identified Participatory Culture!
They defined Participatory Culture as: ‘The involvement of users, audiences, consumers and fans in the creation of culture and content’ → EG: Uploading videos to YouTube etc. They also found that people can find and create new communities online.
(PARTICIPATORY CULTURE) What does Jenkins say in regards to the influence of Globalisation on Participatory Culture? HINT: ‘If it doesn’t spread, it’s … ‘
Jenkins says that globalisation of popular and participatory culture has been enhanced by the spread of social media → However, ‘if it doesn’t spread, it’s dead’ (if media or an idea doesn’t spread, it’s dead and the idea does not get adopted).
People can also lobby online for old TV shows that have been cancelled to come back and be renewed!
(PARTICIPATORY CULTURE) What does Skirky say about Participatory Culture? HINT: Democratic!
HINT: What ‘School of Thought’ does this agree with?
They argue that global culture has allowed users to become more democratic, as people are producing culture themselves and are not just passively accepting media –> This agrees with POSTMODERNISM, as they believe that users can actively ‘sift and sort’ through the media and choose what to accept; however, this can create an echo-chamber of just their own ideology!
(DECLINE IN METANARRATIVES / MEDIA SATURATION) Explain what is meant by the term ‘metanarratives’!
People in postmodern societies are disillusioned by the way that society works and the ‘big stories’ (meta-narratives) in story, such as religion!
(DECLINE IN METANARRATIVES / MEDIA SATURATION) What do Postmodernists say, in regards to the influence of Media Saturation? HINT: The audience are more aware + Allows for democracy / criticisms of other people’s opinions!
Postmodernists = They argue that a media-saturated society produces an audience who are more literate online and are aware that there is no one set truth on the media, due to the range of diverse ideas that the almost pluralist approach to the media.
Knowledge and ways of looking at the world / different perspectives are relative and specific to different individuals → All different views have value! This has allowed us to criticise other ideas and create a global participatory culture!
(MEDIA AND LOCAL CULTURES) Identify one of the Sociologists who Identified ‘Media and Local Cultures’ and explain what this means! HINT: Citizens of the World and Local Culture!
Thompson looked into ‘Media and Local Cultures’!
He argues that the globalisation of communication has become so extensive that all consumers of the global media are citizens of both the world and of their local area!
(MEDIA AND LOCAL CULTURES) Explain what Cohen and Kennedy mean by ‘Hybridised Culture’ + ‘Mix’ and Matching’ Cultures!
They argue that local people DO NOT abandon their cultural traditions, religious beliefs and family duties because they listen to Adele or watch a Disney film; instead, people appropriate parts and elements of global culture into their lives and they ‘mix’ and ‘match’ them with elements of their local culture → British culture has been increasingly hybridised, as British people encounter other cultures via migration and globalisation
