Med Surg-Quiz 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Caused by weakness of the scapular supporters: rhomboids, traps, **Serratus anterior
Outline of scapula is prominent and protruding from posterior thorax

A

Scapular Winging

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2
Q

most common (20:1) dislocation

A

Sternoclavicular Dislocation: Anterior dislocation

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3
Q

most severe complications (dislocation)

A

Sternoclavicular Dislocation: Posterior dislocation

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4
Q

Nerve and Vascular impingement

A

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

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5
Q

Hypertrophied neck musculature (anterior scalenes, upper trapezius)
Hypertrophied anterior chest musculature leading to rounded shoulders/kyphotic posture

A

Most common etiologies for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

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6
Q

bundle of peripheral nerves C5-T1; Known as a “Stinger” by ATC’s

A

Brachial Plexus Injury

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7
Q

Pinching pain in shoulder, especially with abduction

A

Impingement Syndrome

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8
Q

Impingement: 1⁰ = mechanical wear and tear; this may be indicated

A

acromioplasty

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9
Q
  1. Painful arc- within 60-120⁰ of shoulder abd.
A

Impingement Syndrome: Clinical Manifestations

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10
Q

“Frozen shoulder.”

A

Adhesive Capsulitis

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11
Q

inflammation of the bicipital tendon within the bicipital groove of the shoulder. Due to muscle imbalances and small area of the groove. Proximal anterior pain to palpation of tendon

A

Bicipital Tendonitis

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12
Q

usually from subdeltoid or subacromial bursa. Increased friction against the bursa from muscle imbalances cause inflammation. Proximal lateral pain.

A

Shoulder Bursitis

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13
Q

when any of the 4 rotator cuff muscles develop tendinitis from muscle imbalances. Referred pain to mid-deltoid region.

A

Rotator Cuff Tendinitis

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14
Q

the humerus glides out of the glenoid fossa. Possible tears of the labrum or other supportive ligaments and tendons. Most susceptible in ER , flexion and ABD. (throwing position). May be from trauma or from laxity due to repetitive stress.

A

Glenohumeral Dislocation

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15
Q

the humerus temporarily dislocates, but then re-sets itself.
Strengthen for stability or may require surgery.
Avoid ER, flex and ABD combo. “Triple Whammie”

A

Glenohumeral Subluxation

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16
Q

a tear to the anterior labrum of the shoulder via the inferior glenohumeral ligament.

A

Bankart Lesion

17
Q

Impaction fracture. Damage to the head of the humerus after anterior dislocation.

A

Hill-Sachs Lesion

18
Q

“Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior”. Detachment of the proximal attachment of the long head of the biceps at the labrum.

A

SLAP repair

19
Q

Common in young athletes (Little League Shoulder); repetitive throwing motions (forceful medial rotation combined with adduction) damage epiphyseal plates of proximal humerus.
Begins as pain with throwing. DO NOT IGNORE!!!
**ABSOLUTE REST from throwing is REQUIRED for the bone to heal without disrupting growth plates. Bone may require 8-12 months to reossify properly and remodel. Patient education!

A

Proximal Humeral Fracture

20
Q

replacement of the humeral head with a metal implant and resurfacing of the glenoid fossa with plastic “cover”

21
Q

replacement of humeral head only

A

Hemiarthroplasty

22
Q

C6-C8; through carpal tunnel to hand;Most common type of UE nerve injury

A

Common Neural Tension: Median nerve

23
Q

Compression injury to median nerve

A

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

24
Q
Progresses from activity-induced symptoms to constant symptoms of pain/paresthesia along median nerve innervations; thumb and first 2 digits
Increased pain at night
Decreased grip
Decreased wrist flexion
Loss of hand dexterity
A

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Patient presentation

25
Presents as medial elbow pain with hand weakness.
Common Neural Tension: Ulnar nerve
26
“Tennis elbow”; Degenerative, inflammatory condition of the extensor carpi radialis brevis. Pain with resisted wrist extension.
Lateral Epicondylitis
27
“Golfer’s Elbow”; degenerative, inflammatory condition affecting the flexor carpi radialis and pronator teres tendons. Presents as tender point pain at medial epicondyle tendon insertions. Pain with resisted wrist flexion and pronation.
Medial Epicondylitis
28
Fracture of the distal radius with anterior displacement. | FOOSH injury.
Colle’s Fracture
29
Most common carpal bone fracture; Pain in anatomical snuff box
Scaphoid Fracture
30
Finkelstein’s sign: adduct thumb inside the fist and perform ulnar deviation. Increased pain is positive Finkelstein.
De Quervain’s Syndrome
31
Rupture of the central band of the extensor hood, causing flexed PIP and extended DIP
Boutenniere Deformity
32
bowstring tightness of the extensor hood, causing hyperextension of PIP and flexion of the DIP.
Swan Neck Deformity