Med Surg-Quiz 2 Flashcards
What are background questions?
serve to find general information regarding a certain topic; textbooks, informational articles, support groups with internet resources , CDC website, etc. Helpful to be familiar with background information prior to formulating a foreground question.
What are foreground questions?
serve to find a specific relationship between information pertaining to a patient, pathology or intervention.
What are some examples of peer reviewed resources?
Usually that term refers to professional journals in any number of disciplines. When you submit an article to a journal, it goes through a review and editing process that helps assure (but cannot always guarantee) that the material submitted is legitimate, original and substantially free from error– that kind of thing
What is a Bias?
results or inferences that systematically deviate from the truth or the processes leading to such deviation
What is Treatment efficacy?
the extent to which an intervention or service produces a desired outcome under ideal conditions
What is Treatment effectiveness?
the extent to which an intervention or service produces a desired outcome under usual clinical conditions
What is a Research Hypothesis?
AKA “alternative hypothesis” a prediction that the outcome of an investigation will demonstrate a difference or relationship between groups (or variables) in the study that is the result of more than chance alone. May be written using directional language such as “more than”, “less than”, “positive”, or “negative”
What is a Null hypothesis?
AKA “statistical hypothesis” a prediction that the outcome of an investigation will demonstrate “no difference” or “no relationship” between groups in the study other than what chance alone might create
What is an Experimental group?
the group in a scientific experiment where the experimental procedure is performed. This group is exposed to the independent variable being tested and the changes observed and recorded.
What is a control group?
a separated group of subjects that the researcher can specifically control what does or does not happen to. Examples: 1)no treatment given 2)placebo treatment given 3)provide same intervention to both groups, but experimental group gets one additional 4) different interventions to both groups
What is randomization?
subjects are randomly assigned to a group. Creates groups of equal size and decreases possibility of bias.
What is the inclusion/exclusion factor?
a preset guideline that allows the researchers to decide who is a viable subject and who is not. Can be classified by age, gender, diagnosis, impairments, regional location, etc.
What is cluster sampling?
subjects are grouped by location.
What is stratified random sampling?
when the researchers hope to establish a “subgroup” within their study parameters.
What is measurement reliability?
factor in researcher’s capability to administer the interventions consistently, the consistent performance of the patient, and the consistent performance of the measuring device
