Med Surg-Quiz 13

Question 1

inflammatory condition of the joints of the axial skeleton.

Answer 1

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Question 2

occurs when neck is forcefully whipped opposite direction while the shoulder is depressed on the same side. (Ex: Left sh depression, right neck SB). Causes trauma to the nerves and blood vessels of the brachial plexus.
Common in MVA, sports injuries, falls.

Answer 2

Brachial Plexus Injury

Question 3

are felt after mild injury and usually resolve independently. (Brachial Plexus Injury)

Answer 3

“Stingers” or “burners”

Question 4

(formerly RSD; reflex sympathetic dystrophy)- develops after trauma. Insidious c/o pain. Edema. Erythemia. Movement disorders.
Sympathetic nervous system is out of whack! Exaggerated pain response. Constant state of arousal. No relief.
Treatment: variety of tactile cues, light PRE, gentle stretching, modalities, education

Answer 4

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome- CRPS

Question 5

progressive, insidious etiology, destruction of motor neurons in the lateral aspect of the spinal cord, brain stem and cerebral cortex via scarring. Results in peripheral nerve damage and muscle atrophy. Very debilitating. Terminal diagnosis. Will eventually paralyze respiratory muscles.
Incidence: 5,000 per year in US (approx 2/100,000) inherited autosomal trait

Answer 5

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis- ALS

Question 6

progressive, hereditary disease. Involves involuntary abnormal motor patterns and dementia. Brain atrophy is evident on MRI

Answer 6

Huntington’s Disease

Question 7

Idiopathic facial paralysis. Unilateral effects.

Answer 7

Bell’s Palsy

Question 8

auto-immune demyelination of PNS.

Answer 8

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Question 9

multiple sclerotic plaques throughout the myelin sheaths of the CNS. Inhibits nerve transmission including motor and sensory input. (demyelinating) Chronic and progressive condition.

Answer 9

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 10

an idiopathic, chronic, progressive condition that affects the basal ganglia’s motor control of the CNS.

Answer 10

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 11

slow initiation of movement

Answer 11

Bradykinesia

Question 12

lack of emotional expression in face

Answer 12

Flat affect

Question 13

controls smooth movement; medication is given to patients to control symptoms of PD. Important to time therapy around “on” times.

Answer 13

Dopamine

Question 14

disruption of the nerve root originating from the spinal cord.

Answer 14

Radiculopathy- (radiculoneuropathy)

Question 15

Chromosomal error. Feet will present with unusually high arches and claw toes. hereditary neuropathy that affects the joints. Initially affects LE, then progresses to UE.

Answer 15

Charcot Marie Tooth Disease

Question 16

entrapment of the nerves of the foot, usually between 3rd and 4th toes.
Presents as: pain with weight bearing. Typical onset in female aged 45-60.
Treatment: orthoses, anti-inflammatory meds, modalities, stretching, ther ex; surgery only if debilitating to patient

Answer 16

Morton’s Neuroma

Question 17

viral infection that presented as flu-like symptoms, but developed quickly into paralytic symptoms. Attacked the motor nerves. Most affected persons were able to recover, but may have variable residual paralysis. Vaccine developed in 1950.

Answer 17

Poliomyelitis

Question 18

symptoms occur years after initial onset. Patients >50 y/o. The regenerated motor nerves are no longer capable of compensating and thus weakness reappears.

Answer 18

Post-polio syndrome

Question 19

TOS, CTS, TTS

Answer 19

Nerve compression injuries