Med Surg-Quiz 3

Question 1

What is the PT diagnosis?

Answer 1

The patient’s signs/symptoms/clinical manifestations from the medical diagnosis

Question 2

What is a foley catheter?

Answer 2

inserted into the bladder to collect urine. Tube extends down and collects urine in a bag.

Question 3

What is a nasal cannula?

Answer 3

provides supplemental O₂ via nasal passages.

Question 4

What is an oximizer?

Answer 4

nasal cannula with special attachment “trough” meant to assist with decreasing loss of supplemental oxygen. Provides a “reservoir” for O₂ to stay rather than be lost during exhalation.

Question 5

What is a venturi mask?

Answer 5

“a respiratory therapy face mask designed to allow inspired air to mix with oxygen, which is supplied through a jet at a fixed concentration.” Can control flow rate and percent delivered manually through a valve.

Question 6

What is a non-rebreather mask?

Answer 6

another type of device to preserves O₂ delivered from external tank. Uses a mask with a bag attached to catch O₂

Question 7

What is CPAP?

Answer 7

provided continuous positive airway pressure for patients with apnea

Question 8

What is BIPAP?

Answer 8

provides bi-level positive airway pressure, adjusts with inhale/exhale

Question 9

What are chest tubes?

Answer 9

remove accumulation of fluids in pericardium, pleural space or mediastinum

Question 10

What is a peripheral IV?

Answer 10

IV fluids administered usually in UE

Question 11

What is a central line?

Answer 11

A catheter that is passed through a vein to end up in the thoracic portion of the vena cava or in the right atrium of the heart. Usually inserted in neck area.

Question 12

What is a PICC line?

Answer 12

peripherally inserted central catheter. Same purpose, but can be left in longer periods.

Question 13

What is suction?

Answer 13

tube attached to collection basin on wall. Used to assist in removing phlegm.

Question 14

What is a pneumatic compression device?

Answer 14

foot or lower leg; anti-thrombus devices for patients who have limited mobility.

Question 15

What is TED hose?

Answer 15

(Thrombo-Embolic Deterrent) white stockings designed to provide mild graded compression through the LE to prevent blood clot formation. Worn 24/7 until mobility improves.

Question 16

What is an NG tube?

Answer 16

naso-gastric tube; feeding tube that is inserted in nose and runs down to stomach. OR: a line to be hooked to suction to remove unwanted fluids/secretions from GI tract

Question 17

What is a G tube?

Answer 17

gastrostomy tube; requires surgical incision to attach tube into stomach for long term feeding impairments.

Question 18

What is a mechanical ventilator?

Answer 18

tube inserted down trachea to assist patient with breathing. Can be 100% assistance or weaned down to almost no assistance. If patient is responsive, can be a portable unit.

Question 19

What is an incentive spirometer?

Answer 19

device used to increase strength of INHALATION and expand lungs to avoid pneumonia or other respiratory complications.

Question 20

What is Hypernatremia?

Answer 20

sodium > 147 mEq/L
Caused by excessive sodium resulting from decreased water intake (hypovolemia) &/or high sodium diet, excessive vomiting, CHF, ARF/CRI, Cushing’s Syndrome, diabetes

Question 21

What is Hyponatremia?

Answer 21

low sodium < 135 mEq/L

Caused by diuretic use, burns/wound drainage, CHF, cirrhosis, ARF/CRI

Question 22

What is Hypokalemia?

Answer 22

low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L

Caused by diarrhea/vomiting, GI drains

Question 23

What is Hyperkalemia?

Answer 23

high potassium > 5.5 mEq/L

Fairly rare…? (some link to Addison’s Disease, ACE inhibitors, blood transfusions)

Question 24

What does PT stand for on a blood panel?

Answer 24

prothrombin time; blood clot time 11-13 sec

Question 25

What does INR stand for on a blood panel?

Answer 25

international normalization ratio; normalizes values for patients on blood thinners; 2-3 is therapeutic level

Question 26

What does PTT stand for on a blood panel?

Answer 26

partial thromboplastin time; clot time 30-45 sec

Question 27

What does CBC stand for on a blood panel?

Answer 27

complete blood count; WBC, RBC, and platelets (plt).

Question 28

What is polycythemia?

Answer 28

increased RBC production

Question 29

What does HCT stand for on a blood panel?

Answer 29

hemarocrit; % of whole blood occupied by the cells. Norms: Males = 42-52%, females 36-48%.

Question 30

What does HGB stand for on a blood panel?

Answer 30

(or sometimes just Hb)= hemoglobin; amount of iron in blood. Norms: males 14-18 g/dL; females 12-16 g/dL

Question 31

What is a doppler study?

Answer 31

to rule out Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT; blood clot); via ultrasonic imaging of veins (non-invasive)

Question 32

What is an Electroencephalogram (EEG)?

Answer 32

electrodes placed on head to read brain activity; (non-invasive )

Question 33

What is an Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)?

Answer 33

electrodes placed on chest to monitor heart rhythms (non-invasive)

Question 34

What is an Electromyelogram (EMG)?

Answer 34

electrodes placed along muscle innervations to track activity (usually non-invasive, but can be administered percutaneously)

Question 35

What is an Echocardiogram (Echo)?

Answer 35

ultrasonic images for examination of the heart mechanics (non-invasive)

Question 36

What is an x-ray?

Answer 36

radiographic images of bone (non-invasive)

Question 37

What is an endoscopy?

Answer 37

uses fiberoptics and video recording to view tissues (invasive)

Question 38

What is a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?

Answer 38

Three dimensional imaging of soft tissue via magnetic polarization (non-invasive)

Question 39

What is a Positron Emission Tomography (PET scan)?

Answer 39

radioactive material is used to provide images

Question 40

What is a Computed Tomography (CT/CAT scan)?

Answer 40

uses multi-angled xrays to image soft tissues