Materials general information (Timbers, Metals and Polymers)

Question 1

Softwoods features

Answer 1

Grow in cooler climates

Looser grain structure, needles or scale like leaves. Bear cones.

Used as a building material

Softer and easy to work with

Trees grow tall and straight so it is easier to cut.

Faster and cheaper

Question 2

Hardwood features

Answer 2

Deciduous trees lose there flat leaves in winter

Have a tighter grain

More expensive than softwood.

Found in tropical countries.

Quite hard

Take 100 years to grow

Question 3

Coniferous trees

Answer 3

These create softwoods and they are evergreen and grow quite fast.

Question 4

Deciduous trees

Answer 4

These create hardwoods

Question 5

Manufactured boards features

Answer 5

Available in many thicknesses, cheaper than both, covered in a thin layer of wood, timber sheets are produced by gluing wood layers or wood fibres together.

Used by waste woods

Developed for industrial productions

Question 6

Softwood examples

Answer 6

Larch, Pune and Spruce

Question 7

Hardwood examples

Answer 7

Ash, Beech, Mahogany, Oak and Balsa

Question 8

Manufactured boards examples

Answer 8

MDF, Plywood, Chipboard.

Question 9

Where do polymers come from?

Answer 9

Come from crude oil. Plant oils produce bioplastics.

Question 10

Properties of polymers

Answer 10

Coloured,self finishing, can be shaped and formed, reasonable cost and versatile

Question 11

Thermoforming Polymers definition

Answer 11

Can be formed in different ways and heated

Question 12

Pros and cons of thermoforming polymers

Answer 12

Recyclable, aesthetically-superior finishes, high impact resistant, can re-shape and eco-friendly

Cons: more expensive than thermoset

Question 13

Thermoforming polymers examples

Answer 13

High-impact polystyrenes HIPS,High-density polythene HDPE, Polythylene terephthate PET, Acrylic PMMA, Polypropylene PP, Polyvinyl Chloride PVC

Question 14

Thermosetting polymers definition

Answer 14

Cannot be reheated and formed again.

Question 15

Pros and cons of thermosetting polymers

Answer 15

Resistant to high temperatures, flexible design, thick to thin wall capabilities, aesthetic appearance, dimensional stability, cost-effective

Cons: not recycled, difficult to surface finish, cannot be remoulded/reshaped.

Question 16

Thermosetting polymers examples

Answer 16

Urea Formaldehyde UF, polyester resin, exposy resin, Melamine Formaldehyde MF, Phenol Formaldehyde PF

Question 17

Photochromic pigments

Answer 17

UV light stimulates particles in a special pigment.

For novelty goods and colour changing paints.

Question 18

Applications of photochromic pigments

Answer 18

Lenses in sunglasses

Security markers seen in uv light

Photochromic windows change transparency

Question 19

Thermochromic pigments

Answer 19

Fever scan strips used on infants, room thermometers, children’s cutlery and crockery, novelty goods and colour changing clothes.

Question 20

Two types of metals

Answer 20

Ferrous contains iron magnetic and non ferrous doesn’t

Question 21

Ferrous features

Answer 21

Contains iron so magnetic

Prone to corrosion

Properties: hard, malleable

Question 22

Non ferrous properties

Answer 22

Doesn’t contain iron so not magnetic

Majority not magnetic but good for wiring and electronic devices

More malleable and resistant to corrosion than ferrous

They are much lighter than ferrous metals

Question 23

Ferrous examples

Answer 23

Cast iron, low carbon steel and high carbon steel

Question 24

Non ferrous metals examples

Answer 24

Aluminium, copper and zinc

Question 25

Alloys what are they and properties

Answer 25

Formed by mixing two or more metals to produce a new metal.

Adjust mechanical and physical properties for particular purposes.

Can be ferrous and non ferrous

Question 26

Examples of alloys

Answer 26

Brass, pewter and solder