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social medicine 2 > matenral health care > Flashcards

matenral health care Flashcards

1
Q

what example of prevention does prenatal screening falll under

A

SECONDARY PREVENTION

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2
Q

EXAMPles of secondary prevention in relation to pregnancy

A

screening and the regular check ups a pregnant person has

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3
Q

notes

A

in relation to child parents choose GP

need to be able to give examples of health education and behaviour for iddferent age ranges of kids and SPECIFIC OR NON SPECIFIC

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4
Q

examples of health education and behaviour

A

ergonomics for children in school
sexual health education for teens
cigarettes and alcohols for teens

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5
Q

examples of specific prophylaxis

A

folic acid is SPecific
vitamin D is specific to prevent rickets and bone problems
immunisations - epidemiology immunization calendar

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6
Q

examples of 2 prophylaxis

A

anthropometrics up to 1 year
pre school - check their eyes
spinal postion of children
HPV.

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7
Q

what is tertiary prophylaxis

A

social rehabilitation (which is different to medical rehab) links to autism, so you do activites with the kids like speech therapy etc

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8
Q

oral q about screening and downs

A

don’t say that screening is diagnostic it just calculates risk so you cannot 100% say that a child will have downs for example

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9
Q

how many grams of folic acid

A

0.4 mg (400 micrograms) DAILY before ocnceptin (2months0

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10
Q

definition of maternal health

A

the health of woman from pregenacy, childbirth to postpartum

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11
Q

periatal health

A

from 22 weeks gestation to 7 days after birth

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12
Q

maternal health programme

A

free access to systemic health activities from beginning of pregnancy till 42 postpartum. its covered by the basic health insurance package

THE MHP of the nHIF regulates the activities of the GP for the the follow up normal pregnancies as well as the obs & gyn for normal and risk pregnancies, the programmes covers the bare minimum for pregnancy monitoring

pregancy monrtoring in obs and gyne is carried out with a ‘medical refereal’ by gp. once for the duration of pregs and oncn the first 42 days after pregancy

the woman has the right to choice her obs so if she wants a different one the gp writes another refeeral

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13
Q

best age for childbirth

A

20-30 years

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14
Q

risk for congential diseases

A

> 35 years old

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15
Q

normal package for ultrasound

A

2 free ultrasounds. once in the first trimetser and once in the 5 month

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16
Q

what happens with the first visit

A

ultrasound
preventive pap smear test
vaginal fluid examination

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17
Q

why would you chose gynecology over gp

A

most women in bg will opt ofr gyne as Gp are not as trained simply.
- als for high risk pregnancy
- multiple pregnancies
- previous history of miscarriages. stillbirths
- overall poor maternal health
- a family history of diabetes
- blood incompatibility with father of child

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18
Q

why would you chose gynecology over gp

A

most women in bg will opt ofr gyne as Gp are not as trained simply.
- als for high risk pregnancy
- multiple pregnancies
- previous history of miscarriages. stillbirths
- overall poor maternal health
- a family history of diabetes
- blood incompatibility with father of child
-<20 or >25

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19
Q

what do you do with a preganancy at risk

A

2 additional ultrasound examinations

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20
Q

serum screening for

A

AFP
B- hcg (downs syndrome and neural tube defects)
<20 test for chlamydia

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21
Q

indications for hospitlization for pregant women

A

vomiting
bleeding and pain
swelling of extremities
premature rupture of membranes
long term infertility
multiple pregnancies
narrow pelvis
delayed pregnancy

22
Q

why take b9

A

by up to 70%
contributes to proper development of spinal cord, reduces neural tube defects, proper development of cells and formation of DNA

23
Q

DOSAGE OF B9 FOR AT RIKS

A

4 mg a day

24
Q

when to do biochemical screening

A

11-14 weeks- early
15-20 weeks (late)

25
Q

what does biochemical screening trst

A

looks at the free b- hcg and APP- a in serum and ultrasound markers of certain parameters

trisomy 21
trisomy 18
trisomy 13
triploid
turners

26
Q

what are newborns screened for (2- 5 days )

A

congenital hypothyroidism as leads to cretinism

PKU

CAH / 21 hydroxylase deficiency

27
Q

secondary prevention of congenital diseases

A

biochemical screening
amniocentesis, CVS
neonatal mass screening
selective screening of newborns

28
Q

primary prevention of congenital diseases

A

folic acid or fortified foods with b9

health information and health education

29
Q

single playment for birth of child

A

250 levs

30
Q

child health

A

NHIF has developed a program for kids 0-18 called ‘child health’ implemented by child gP or pediatrician

31
Q

vaccinaition programe

A

within 12 hours hep b
24 h- TB

children born outside hospital mandatory vaccination of tetanus

32
Q

total number of days for maternal days off?

A

410

33
Q

what does the health act say in according to maternal health care

A

providing accessible and quality healthcare with priority for children pregnant women and mothers of children up to 1 year

speical health protection of childrne, pregnant wmen and mothers of children up to 1 year…

34
Q

in relation to mothers and pregnancy what is the law

A

HEALH ACT

35
Q

uninsured women

A

ministry of health (state budget) provides 1 prophylactic exam during pregnancy for each uninsured woman

free medical services for childbirth reimbursed by state budget

  1. consultation - expeted due date, anthropometrics
  2. lab tests - glucose, hep b
36
Q

defintion of family planning

A

a right to decide if and when you want to have children
-time intervals between births
- number of kids

37
Q

when is the father of baby tested

A

> 35 women
father over 50

38
Q

what would make a woman need genetic counselling

A

> 35
50
had a previous child with congenital anomalies

39
Q

reproductive health indicators

A
  1. TFR
  2. GRR
  3. NRR
  4. Contraceptive prevalence
40
Q

For a given year of observation, is the average number of live born girls, which a generation of women in their reproductive age (15-49) would give birth to, if their age-specific fertility rates equal to that in the observed year.

A

GROSS REPRODUCTION RATE

41
Q

For a given year of observation, is the average number of live born girls, which a generation of women in their reproductive age (15-49) would give birth to, if their age specific fertility and mortality rates remained equal to that in the observed year.

A

net reproduction rate

42
Q

Replacement level fertility

A

part of net reproduction rate

level of fertility at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next.

43
Q

reasons for early neonatal death

A

hospital acquired infection
death via delivery from vagina of mum

44
Q

reasons for late

A

dehyrdation
outdated traditions like salting abies
bacterial infectons

45
Q

highest incidence of child mortality

A

0-1 years.

46
Q

scale of assesment of crude death rate

A

low <10
avg 10-15
>15 - bg was 15. 2 last time

Like in the rest of the European countries, the high mortality rate in Bulgaria is due to diseases of the cardiovascular system, non-infectious and cancer diseases.Feb 28, 2020

47
Q

natural increase

A

the difference between the number of live born children and number of deaths for a given area in a calendar year. (Natural Increase in Bulgaria is NEGATIVE)

48
Q

labour code of bulgaria chapter 15 section 2

A

pregnant and nursing women should be protected
women’s rooms available
job reassignment for pregnant women and nursing mothers
commissioning of pregnant women and mothers
work to be done at home

49
Q

health act in relation to maternal aritfle 2

A

Providing accessible and qualitative healthcare with priority for children, pregnant women and mothers of children up to 1 year
Special health protection of children, pregnant women and mothers of children up to one year of age and disabled/mentally disordered persons
Ensuring risk- free motherhood:

50
Q

propriogenic interval

A

time from start of marriage to first childbirth - optimal is 2 years

51
Q

khadijah essay woman not insued

A
  1. find another hospital
  2. pay by cash
  3. go to the health insurance office and repay health insurance
52
Q

in the case of having a high risk pregenacy what needs to be discussed

A

amniocentesis and and CVS

social medicine 2 (36 decks)

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