health management

Question 1

def of health managemnt

Answer 1

Regulation of a system by decreasing its entropy (chaos, uncertainty)
A methodical and systematic control and improvement of business processes to achieve pre-determined objectives

Question 2

levels of management

Answer 2

High management – political level = by the MoH

Coordinating management – middle level = by the regional health care centres/offices

Operating management – management of the ‘straight line’ = director of the hospital, department etc.

Question 3

the management cycle

Answer 3

1) Determine the aims – should be short and reflect what needs to be achieved
2) Take decisions – solutions on how to achieve and a decision on which is optimal
3) Planning
4) Organisation and co-ordination

5) Management, control, assessment

Question 4

types of resources

Answer 4

human (hospitalised patients), financial, material (infrastructure) and time (most difficult to manage as limited)

Question 5

difference between informal and formal

Answer 5

formal :
- mandatory
- built in a top down direction
- leading psotion is manager

informal
- Appears spontaneously on the basis of the psycho-social demands of people

• not mandatory
• built in a bottom up direction
  Central person = leader (not appointed and doesn’t have an official position in power but managerial functions based on mutual attraction, agreement and consensus with the members of the informal structure

Question 6

style of management

Answer 6

1. autocratic fast decisions, team not consulted – best applies in emergency department
2. Advisory – manager asks team for possible solutions, but final decision made by him/her
3. Concerned – shared responsibility by team (usually in paediatrics)
4. Democratic – such as in research institutes
5. Self-regulating – used in science related institutes – manager only decides annual aim and doesn’t interfere

Autocratic and advisory = ultimate decision taken by manager

Question 7

the team

Answer 7

1. leader
2. initiator
   3.innovator
3. appraiser
   5.company worker
4. resources discoverer
5. team worker
6. performer ‘to the end ‘

Question 8

team evolution

Answer 8

Undeveloped team

Experimenting team

self controlling team

mature team

Question 9

personal relations built on the basis of collaboration, tasks are clear, aims are agreed and test procedures for teamwork are experimented.

Answer 9

self controlling team

Question 10

close relationships are avoided, unclear aims, leader takes most decisions

Answer 10

underdevloped team

Question 11

problems are discussed more freely, personal opinion is considered by the members, the team becomes temporarily self-analytical

Answer 11

experimenetal team

Question 12

personal relations are open, a wide spectrum of alternatives are discussed, the members of the team are flexible and can take responsibility of the team

Answer 12

mature

Question 13

Desired outputs

Answer 13

Desired outputs = high quality of life, low incidence of disease, high satisfaction of patients from the quality of health care

Question 14

what would you talk about in this essay

Answer 14

1,DEF health management
2. levels
3. management cycle
4. resources and results
6, management of HR - formal /informal, style of management, the team , team evolution
6. managment of organisational change

Question 15

Management of organisational change

Answer 15

Types =
Partial
Fundamental – a change in the mission (general aim) or change in methods, means and structure
Barriers of the change:
According to the source: inner resistance (elements of the organisation), outer resistance (environment outside organisation)
According to the reasons: individual resistance, organisational resistance
Approaches to overcome the barriers of change: partnership, education, external influence, stimuli, gradualness