massage 1 Flashcards
The Power of Touch.
First sense to develop in utero and the most
strongly developed at birth.
This sense never turns off and continues to
function long after other senses fail in old age.
Tactile sense helps us learn about the
environment, protect us from harm, relate to
others and experience pleasure.
Touch receptors inside the body –proprioception
help us know the positions, shape of one’s bones,
muscles and other soft tissues.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
) made up of
Somatic (motor or efferent nerves :sensory or afferent
nerves)
Autonomic
parasympathetic or
sympathetic
peripheral system allows
the brain and spinal
cord(Central system) to receive and send information
to other areas of the body, which allows us to react to
stimuli in our environment. .
There are neural networks in the heart and the gut
that function autonomously and there is a special
relationship between nerves and the skin that
produce responsive behaviours to the inner and outer
environment independent of the head-brain.
- SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX
Somatic Tactile
Nerves
transmit
pain, texture and
temperature
The Insula
Cortex
Provides emotional context Integrates information about the state of the body Receives homeostatic imput from the thalamus Strongly associated with the pain process, anger, fear, disgust,joy and sadness Relates with the limbic Conscious desires (Food)
Brain in the Skin
touch
The skin also developed
fully functional peripheral HPA system where CRH, ACTH, and their receptors are produced in skin cells.
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
is produced by
epidermal and hair follicle keratinocytes, melanocytes, sebocytes, and mast cells upon stress, including immune cytokines, UV irradiation, and cutaneous pathology
CRH receptor (CRH-R) 1
was expressed in all major cellular populations of epidermis, dermis, and subcutis layers, while CRHR2 was only expressed in hair follicle keratinocytes and papilla fibroblasts
Research
Shows touch
1. Positive touch from others is necessary for an individual’s healthy development. 2. Without positive touch infants will fail to thrive and their physical and emotional development will be damaged. 3. Positive touch lowers stress and anxiety(Field) 4. Lack of affectionate touch causes depression, violence, memory deficits and illness .
The Types of touches that a person
experiences throughout their life affect
the architecture of their brain. This, in
turn, affects the person’s interpretation
of and response to different types of
touch
Nursing uses two types of
touch:
instrumental, expressive
instrumental
s deliberate
physical contact to achieve
procedures such as washing
a patient.