chronic disease 3b

Question 1

Nutrition

Answer 1

Excess in any of the food groups
(carbohydrates, protein or fats)
can lead to excess body fat.
• The aim is for balance.
• Energy input = energy expenditure

Question 2

What role does diet
play in Chronic
Diseases?

Answer 2

• Links between diet and
conditions such as CVD and
diabetes are well known
• Other conditions such as
osteoporosis, cancer,
obesity and stroke have also
been studied

Question 3

Inactivity

Answer 3

4th leading cause of
death worldwide
▪ 1 in 4 adults is not active enough. Incidence is
higher in high – income countries

Question 4

Health benefits of physical activity in adults

Answer 4

All-cause mortality
▪ Coronary heart disease
▪ High blood pressure
▪ Depression
▪ Falling
▪ Stroke
▪ Metabolic syndrome
▪ Type 2 diabetes
▪ Breast cancer
▪ Colon cancer

Question 5

Health benefits of physical activity in adults

Strong evidence of:

Answer 5

▪ Increased cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness
▪ Healthier body mass and composition
▪ Improved bone health
▪ Increased functional health
▪ Improved cognitive function

Question 6

Implications of chronic obesity on future

health care provision

Answer 6

▪ Contributing factor in the development of chronic diseases
▪ Adds increased financial pressure on health care systems
▪ Adults with severe obesity may experience physical
limitations that impact ability to perform ADL

Question 7

Fat and Fit v’s sedentary and slim

Answer 7

• Cardiorespiratory fitness also plays a major role in health and
longevity, independently of BMI
• Normal weight people who are fit have a lower risk of mortality than
normal-weight people who are unfit
• Overweight but fit people have lower risks than normal-weight
people who are unfit.
• Fitness, in and of itself, offers many health benefits