Maslow Flashcards
theory of maslow
holistic-dynamic theory
holistic-dynamic theory is also called
- humanistic theory
- transpersonal theory
- third force in psychology
- fourth force in personality
- needs theory
maslow’s view on motivation:
- holistic approach
- complex
- people are continually motivated by one need or another
whole person, not any single part or function is motivated
holistic approach of motivation
desire to move beyond ourselves
transcendence
hierarchy of needs (starting from the bottom)
- physiological needs
- safety needs
- love and belonging needs
- esteem needs
- self-actualization
four dimensions of needs
- conative needs
- cognitive needs
- aesthetic needs
- neurotic need
the five needs are _____ needs with each step representing a higher needs but one less basic to survival
conative needs
lower needs have _____ over higher needs
prepotency
- need for order and beauty
- unlike conative needs, depends on culture and the person
aesthetic needs
- have a striving or motivational character and called the basic needs
- willful striving
conative needs
- desire to know, to solve mysteries, to understand, to be curious
- need for curiosity and knowledge
cognitive needs
- unproductive pattern of relating to other people
- lead to stagnation and pathology
neurotic needs
neurotic needs are usually ___, a compensation for unsatisfied basic needs
reactive
- only need that can be completely satisfied or overly satisfied
- recurring in nature
physiological needs
cannot be overly satisfied
safety needs
includes some aspect of sex and human contact as well as the need to both give and receive love
love and belongingness needs
2 levels of esteem needs
- reputation
- self-esteem
own feelings of worth and confidence; real competence
self-esteem
perception of prestige, recognition, and fame that a person has achieved according to the perception of other people
reputation
desire to become the most that one can be
self-actualization
self-actualization is also self-______
fulfillment
you become fully _____ once self-actualization is fulfilled
human
not universal to people but specific to some cultures
cognitive and aesthetic needs
even though needs are generally satisfied in a hierarchical order, occasionally they are reversed
reversed order of needs
has a cause but is not motivated; simply one’s way of expressing oneself
expressive behavior
motivated and is directed toward the satisfaction of basic needs
coping behavior
threat towards someone’s safety, fear, insecurity, and dread
deprivation of needs
- absence of values, lack of fulfillment, loss of meaning in life
- lack of philosophy in life
metapathology
some human needs are innately determined even though they can be modified by learning
instinctoid nature of needs
higher needs are similar to lower needs if they are ____
instinctoid
metaneeds (metamotivation) =
psychological needs
criteria for self-actualization
- free from psychopathology
- had progressed through the hierarchy of needs
- embracing the b-values
- full use and exploitation of talents, capacities, potentialities
indicators for psychological health
b-values (being values)
14 b-values
- truth
- goodness
- beauty
- wholeness or transcendence of dichotomies
- aliveness or spontaneity
- uniqueness
- perfection
- completion
- justice and order
- simplicity
- richness or totality
- effortlessness
- playfulness or humor
- self-sufficiency or autonomy
fear of being one’s best
jonah complex
jonah complex is characterized by attempts to ___ from one’s destiny
run away
aim of holistic-dynamic theory’s psychotherapy
embrace b-values
- characterized by expressive behavior
- associated with b-values
- differentiate self-actualizing people from those who are not
metamotivation
- temporary
- not comparable to the quality of happiness produced by the satisfaction of higher needs
hedonistic pleasure
- ecstasies
- cannot be brought on by an act of the will; often unexpected, quite ordinary moments
peak experience
- love for the essence or “being” of others
- unmotivated, expressive behavior
b-love (being-love)
type of science that lacks emotion, joy, wonder, awe, and rapture
desacralization
to instill with human values, emotion, and ritual
resacralization
non-interfering, passive, and receptive
taoistic attitude
standardized test designed to measure self-actualizing values and behavior
personal-orientation inventory
