Klein Flashcards
Built on careful observations of young children, stressing the importance of the first 4 to 6 months after birth
object relations theory
fundamental in object relations theory
child’s relation to the breast
3 step relationship with the mother
- basic needs are cared for by their mother
- a safe, symbiotic relationship is developed with an all-powerful mother
- to have emerged from their mother’s protective circle and establish their separate individuality
object relations theory is considered the offspring of freud’s ___
instinct theory
proponent of object relations theory
melanie klein
object relations theory put less emphasis on ____ and more importance on consistent patterns of _____
- biologically-based drives
- interpersonal relationships
prime motive of human behavior acc to object-relations theory
human contact and relatedness
focus of object relations theory
- child analysis
- play therapy
unlike psychoanalysis, object relations theory focused on the ____ of life
4 to 6 months
Psychic representations of unconscious id instinct
phantasies
phantasies possessed unconscious ___ and ___ images
- good
- bad
shapes unconscious phantasies
- reality
- inherited predispositions
Symbolizes the objects for innate drives or instincts, including death instinct
objects
Klein’s ‘objects’ is comparable to Freud’s concept of _______
superego
conflicts between life and death instincts
positions
2 positions
- paranoid-schizoid position
- depressive position
way of organizing experiences that includes both paranoid feelings of being persecuted and a splitting of internal and external objects into the good and the bad
paranoid-schizoid position
paranoid-schizoid position develops _____ old where ego’s perception of external world is ___ and ____
- 3-4 months old
- subjective and fantastic
Viewing external objects a whole and sees that good and bad can exist in the same person (mother)
depressive position
depressive position develops at ___ old
5 to 6 months old
involves feelings of anxiety over losing a loved object coupled with a sense of guilt for wanting to destroy that object
depressive position
means of reducing anxiety
psychic defense mechanisms
4 psychic defense mechanisms
- introjection
- projection
- splitting
- projective identification
Infants fantasize taking into their body those perceptions and experiences that they had with the external objects
introjection
introjected objects are influenced by children’s ____
fantasies
fantasy that one’s own feelings and impulses actually reside in another person and not within one’s body
projection
Keeping apart incompatible impulses, developing a picture of both the ‘good me’ and the ‘bad me’ that enables them to deal with both pleasurable and destructive impulses toward external objects
splitting
Splitting off unacceptable parts of themselves, project them into another object, and finally introject them back into themselves in a changed or distorted form
projective identification
organized introjections into a psychologically meaningful framework
internalizations
3 internalizations
- ego
- superego
- oedipus complex
One’s sense of self, has the ability to sense both destructive and loving forces and to manage them to psychic defense mechanisms
ego
Emerges early in life, not an outgrowth of Oepidus complex and much more harsh and cruel, an ego defense against realistic guilts
superego
ego is most ____ at birth but strong enough to feel _____ and know how to reduce this and evolves with childhood experiences
- unorganized
- anxiety
the children’s fear of retaliation from their parents for fantasies related to them
oedipus complex
oedipus complex begins at much an earlier age, and reaches climax during _____
3-4 years old
unlike freud’s oedipus complex, klein’s oedipus complex serves for _____
both male and female child
in oedipus complex there is a need to establish ____ with ____ and avoid the bad
- positive attitude
- good object
attachment to mother, rivals with father, and to develop abilities to reconcile unconscious positive and negative images of the breast (mother) and penis (father)
female/male oedipal development
related works of object relations theory
- Margaret Mahler’s Psychological Birth
- Heinz Kohut’s Innate Narcissistic Self
- John Bowlby’s Attachment Theory
- Mary Ainsworth’s Strange situation (caregiver
and infant)
