Mar2 M3-Making Public Health Policy

Question 1

public health approach vs population health approach

Answer 1

• public = subsidize, regulate, ban

- population = city planning, reorganize food system: agricultural subsidies and price of food for ex

Question 2

best way to tackle disease

Answer 2

act on the population level (treat large number of individuals is not efficient)

Question 3

first public hygiene actions Quebec

Answer 3

chlorination of water, pasteurization of milk

Question 4

focuses of health in 1970s and 1980s in Canada

Answer 4

nutrition, exercise programs and city planning

Question 5

3 reasons why hard to address health on public and population level

Answer 5

1-hard to measure link between indicator and health outcome
2-easier to see hospital and pharma impact
3-social determinants need coord of many jurisdictions

Question 6

Lalonde report conclusion (1974)

Answer 6

challenged the biomedical model in addressing population health

Question 7

(IMP?) Epp Report conclusion (1986)

Answer 7

socioeconomic INEQUALITY (not overall economic prosperity) is a critical factor in determining population health

Question 8

Epp Report influenced what document

Answer 8

Ottawa Charter (1986)

Question 9

(IMP?) important event that turned the tide to increase gvt investments in public health

Answer 9

SARS, highly contagious viral illness, reached pandemic lvl in 2003 and spread in Toronto area causing 44 deaths

Question 10

other events before SARS in 2002

Answer 10

2000: E.coli outbreak in Ontario (7 people died)
2001: 9 11 attacks

Question 11

(IMPORTANT) Naylor report (2003) conclusions

Answer 11

thing missing in SARS crisis was intergovernmental coordination (ability to contain outbreak is as good as weakest jurisdiction)

Question 12

(IMPORTANT) changes in public health agency of Canada in 2004

Answer 12

Idea of pancanadian coordination and collaboration between gvt (to prep for emergencies and control health)

Question 13

something that helped Canada gain importance in public health matters

Answer 13

diabetes, a population level disease: 2 Canadians discovered insulin in 1920 (Banting and Beth)

Question 14

initial diabetes management strategy in Canada and problem

Answer 14

1999: Canadian Diabetes Strategy (works on primary care level…)

Question 15

diabetes affected what forgotten population in particular

Answer 15

Indigenous reserves and especially Indigenous youth

Question 16

policy response to diabetes in 2006

Answer 16

public health agency of Canada (PHAC) funds community based programs + dev of evidence-based approach for prevention

Question 17

notes on diabetes prevalence

Answer 17

• prevalence rising in Canada
• many differences in diabetes prevalence and how it’s rising between provinces (shows where you live + treatment + environment has something to do)

Question 18

how many Canadians with diabetes now

Answer 18

3 million

Question 19

(IMPORTANT) groups most vulnerable to diabetes in Canada

Answer 19

• seniors (age, SES)
• most rural populations
• Indigenous (especially First Nations on reserve) + Indigenous youth***
• low-income population (SES)

Question 20

conclusions of Auditor General Report (2013)

Answer 20

• PHAC diabetes strategy doesn’t know if its activities are effective.
• food, what we eat, how we exercise, where we live, all associated with diabetes but policy making is hard

Question 21

Senate Standing Committe on Social Affaires, Science and Technology report March 1, 2016: important things

Answer 21

• diabetes costs 3.4B per year to health care
• with its complications, costs 16B
• lack of physical activity
• 62% diet is processed food
• 66% adults are overweight or obese

Question 22

important recommendation in the March 2016 report

Answer 22

training for doctors for prescribing exercise and diet. it’s gonna be a thing

Question 23

Child Health Protection Act (passed in Sept 2017): what important bill

Answer 23

Bill S-228: prohibition of food and beverage marketing directed at children