Management of Seizures (week 11) Flashcards
Why should you withdraw AED’s slowly?
Because you can develop status epilepticus if you go to fast
What are some issues patients have while on AED’s?
No driving
Have to keep a seizure frequency chart
Wear some type of Medic Alert
Risk to fetus
What are some interventions for patients taking AED’s?
Forewarn them about CNS Depression
Suicidal behaviors
If pregnant, MUST take folic acid
What are the 4 basic mechanisms for AED’s?
Blockade of sodium channels
Blockade of Calcium channels
Blockade of receptors for glutamate
Potentiation of GABA Receptor
Name the three drugs for Blocking Sodium Channels
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine
Name the drug that blocks calcium channels
Valproic Acid
Name the drug that blocks the receptors of glutamate
Toprimate
Name the three drugs that cause potentiation of GABA Receptors
Gabapentine
Benzodiazepines
Barbiturates
What is the MOA of Phenytoin (Dilantin)?
Delays the influx of sodium, thus slowing the propagation and spread of abnormal discharges
What is phenytoin (Dilantin) used for?
Treat all major forms of epilepsy except absence seizures
What drug is difficult to find the sweet spot for and extremely hard on the liver?
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
What are the side effects of Phenytoin (Dilantin)?
CNS Issues
Morbilliform rash
Purple Glove Syndrome
Gingival hyperplasia
What are some nursing implications for Phenytoin (Dilantin)?
Oral contraceptive deficiency Take with food - oral Large needle - IV Must take folic acid Have good hygiene
Name two more traditional AED’s
Carbamazepine (Tegretol) Valproic Acid (Depakote)
What are some serious side effects for Carbamazepine (Tegretol)?
Bone marrow suppression
Hyponatremia
