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Pharm Test 3 > Anti-Fungal Agents (week 10) > Flashcards

Anti-Fungal Agents (week 10) Flashcards

1
Q

What are opportunist drugs for systemic mycoses for?

A

Immunocompromised host

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2
Q

What are nonopportunistic drugs for systemic mycoses for?

A

Infection that occurs in any host

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3
Q

What are the three classes of Anti-fungal Drugs?

A

Polyene Antibiotics
Azoles
Echinocandins

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4
Q

Name a Polyene Antibiotic

A

Amphotericin B

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5
Q

What is Amphotericin B used for?

A

Progressive and Potentially fatal fungal infections

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6
Q

How is Amphotericin B given?

A

IV, slowly over 2-4 hours

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7
Q

How long does it take for Amphotericin B to be excreted?

A

Elimination can take up to 6 weeks.

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8
Q

What is the MOA of Amphotericin B?

A

Binds within the fungal membrane, making it more permeable

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9
Q

How is Amphotericin B adminstered?

A

IV

Intrathecal

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10
Q

How do you order Amphotericin B?

A

Using proprietary doses

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11
Q

What are common side effects of Amphotericin B?

A

Infusion reaction - assess for phlebitis

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12
Q

What are some serious side effects for Amphotericin B?

A

Nephrotoxicity
Cardiac arrest

BLACK BOX WARNING - reserve use for progressive and potentially life threatening events

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13
Q

What should you use for mild reactions related to Amphotericin B?

A

Diphenhydramine and Acetaminophen

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14
Q

What drugs should you use to treat Rigors that are related to Amphotericin B?

A

Meperidine or Dantrolene

Hydrocortisone when all other treatments fail

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15
Q

What drug should you avoid when you are taking Amphotericin B?

A

NSAIDS - hard on the kidneys

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16
Q

What can you do to help prevent damage to the kidneys on treatment days when receiving Amphotericin B?

A

Infuse 1 L of saline to hydrate while getting treatment

17
Q

Broad-spectrum anti fungal drugs
Lower toxicity than Amphotericin B
Can be given orally

A

Azoles

18
Q

Name an Azole

A

Itraconazole (Sporanox)

19
Q

What is Itraconazole (Sproanox) used for?

A

Systemic and local mycoses

20
Q

What is the MOA of Itraconazole (Sporanox)

A

Inhibits fungal cytochrome P450 dependent enzymes

21
Q

What are some common side effects of Itraconazole (Sproanox)?

A

Edema

Elevated liver enzymes

22
Q

What are serious side effects of Itraconazole (Sporanox)?

A

BLACK BOX WARNING - do not administer for treatment of Onychomycosis (toe nail fungus) with heart failure

23
Q

What drugs are interact with Itraconazole?

A

Pimozide
Quinidine
Dofetilide
Cisapride

24
Q

How should you administer Itraconazole?

A

Once a day

Take with food or a COLA BEVERAGE

25
Q

What drugs should you not give within 1 hour with Itraconazole because they make the body too alkalotic?

A

PPI’s and H2 Blockers

26
Q

What is Flucanazole used for?

A

Fungistatic infection

27
Q

How is Fluconazole administered?

A

IV and PO dosage the same

28
Q

Name an Echinocandin

A

Caspofungin (Cancidas)

29
Q

How is Echinocandin: Caspofungin (Cancidas) given?

A

IV

30
Q

What is the MOA of Echinocandin: Caspofungin (Cancidas)?

A

Inhibiting the biosynthesis of beta-1

31
Q

What is Echinocandin: Caspofungin (Cancidas) used for?

A

Systemic Candida infections such as peritonitis, pleural space infections, and intra-abdomninal absceses

32
Q

What are the adverse effects of Echinocandin: Caspofungin (Cancidas)?

A

Fever

Phlebitis

Pharm Test 3 (15 decks)

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