Laxitives (week 8&9) Flashcards
What is the production of soft, formed stool over 1 or more days?
The Laxatiive Effect
What is prompt, fluid evacuation of the bowel?
Catharsis
Group of laxatives that act rapidly, usually within 2 to 6 hours
Group 1
Group of laxatives that offer intermediate latency, usually 6 to 12 hours
Group 2
Group of laxatives that are most frequently abused by the general public but act slowly, usually within 1 to 3 days
Group 3
What are some contraindications of Laxative use?
Abdominal pain
Fecal impaction or bowel obstruction
Use with caution in pregnancy and lactation
What group are bulk forming agents part of?
Group 2
Name a Bulk-Forming Agent
Psyllium (Metamucil)
What does Psyllium (Metamucil) do?
Relieves constipation
What is the MOA of Psyllium (Metamucil)?
Swell with water to form a gel that softens and increases fecal mass
What are some considerations you need to know when using Psyllium (Metamucil)?
Esophageal obstruction
Plenty of fluids to avoid intestinal obstruction
What group is Surfactants part of?
Group 3
Name a Surfactant.
Docusate sodium (Colace)
What does Docusate sodium (Colace) do?
Prevents constipation
What is the MOA of Docusate sodium (Colace)?
Pulls water and fat in to the stool
What group does Stimulants belong to?
Group 2
Name a stimulant
Bisacodyl
What is the most abused laxative?
Bisacodyl
What is Bisacodyl used for?
Opioid-induced constipation
What is the MOA of Bisacodyl?
Induces peristalsis
What are the two routes for Bisacodyl?
PO
PR
What group are osmotic laxatives apart of?
Group I & II
Name two Osmotic Laxatives
Mag Citrate (I) Polyethylene glycol (II)
What is Miralax used for?
Chronic constipation
What is Mag Citrate used for?
Bowel Prep
What is the MOA of osmotic laxatives?
Pulls water into the intestines
What are the adverse effects of osmotic laxatives?
Dehydration
Hypermagnasemia
Name three other laxatives
Lactulose
Mineral oil
Glycerin suppository
What type of individuals use lactulose?
Individuals with high ammonium levels (Liver failure)
What is mineral oil used for?
Enemas to treat fecal impaction?
What are the adverse effects of mineral oil?
Lipid pneumonia
What are glycerin suppository’s used for?
Lubricates hardened, impacted feces.
How often does it take for a bowel to replenish after evacuation?
2-5 days
