Manage Scope - Prep Questions Flashcards
Exam preparation questions
During scope validation you notice that a critical deliverable does not meet its requirement. The customer did not notice it and is about to validate the deliverable. You are worried because the correction can compromise the project schedule. What should you do NEXT?
A. Complete scope validation without correcting the defect. Correct the defect later at a more appropriate time.
B. Correct the deliverable and review the project schedule
C. Discuss the issue with the customer
D. Issue a change request
C. Discuss the issue with the customer
The deliverable should be corrected because it does not meet its specification.
However, correcting the deliverable would lead to a schedule delay. There is therefore a conflict between schedule and scope objectives. The project manager should inform the customer and discuss options. Completing scope validation without correcting the defect (answer A) would not be an ethical option. Correcting the deliverable (answer B) would lead to a schedule delay. Issuing a change request (answer D) would not be the first step.
To collect project requirements, the project manager has sent questionnaires to a number of stakeholders. Once the ideas have been collected and processed, they will be sent back to stakeholders to obtain more feedback. The process will be repeated until a meaningful consensus is obtained. The technique used by the project manager is known as:
A. Focus group
B. Nominal group technique
C. Delphi
D. Iteration technique
C. Delphi
Delphi reaches consensus by repeatedly consulting experts, usually through an anonymous process.
The project manager has completed the scope statement and will now prepare the project work breakdown structure (WBS). Which of the following best describes a WBS?
A. A graphical tree-like hierarchical decomposition of the project’s product to facilitate a common understanding and support tracking and control.
B. Deliverable-oriented tree-like representation of all the work required to achieve the project objectives
C. Diagram that identifies the deliverables, work packages, dependencies and their start and finish dates for each activity
D. Hierarchical diagram that displays the relationship between work packages and resources
B.
A WBS is a deliverable-oriented tree-like representation of all the work required to achieve the project objectives
During the design phase of a solar energy project, a deliverable was satisfactorily completed without one of its planned work packages. How should the project manager proceed?
A. Ensure that the missing work package is completed
B. Update the project WBS
C. Submit a change request for approval
D. Update the requirements documentation
B. Update the project WBS
You need to update the work breakdown structure to ensure that it records the work that was actually required to accomplish the project objectives (answer B).
The deliverable was completed so there is no need to complete the missing work package (answer A), submit a change request (answer C) or update the requirements documentation (answer D).
You have been hired to manage a strategic project. In the middle of the third iteration, the team is performing a backlog refinement session. Which of the following activities may be performed as part
of the session? (Choose three.)
A. Ensure that the backlog is ready for the upcoming iterations
B. Reprioritize existing items
C. Add the tasks required to complete the following sprint
D. Ensure that the product backlog only includes items aligned to the sprint goal
E. Disaggregate epics into user stories
F. Ensure that every product backlog item is clearly described
A. Ensure that the backlog is ready for the upcoming iterations
B. Reprioritize existing items
E. Disaggregate epics into user stories
Product backlog refinement ensures that the backlog is ready for the upcoming iterations (answer A) by removing, adding, disaggregating (answer E), estimating or updating (answer B) items. Backlog refinement does not plan the work required to complete the sprint (answers C and D). Items that will not be developed within the following iterations may not be clearly described (answer
You were assigned to an agile project that is developing navigational software. Team members are concerned because the time spent testing product backlog items has increased significantly
throughout the project. Which of the following practice would you recommend?
A. Improve product backlog refinement
B. Increase the sprint duration to ensure that there is sufficient time for testing
C. Adopt sprints specifically dedicated to testing and stabilizing the product
D. Ensure that the product backlog items acceptance criteria are fully defined upfront
A. Improve product backlog refinement
Product backlog refinement may help to disaggregate large, broadly defined requirements into small, clearly defined user stories.
You are leading a project to build a gas platform that is well over budget. The change control board has approved a number of significant scope changes. Which of the following statements about the project performance is correct?
A. Scope changes are inevitable because the scope is progressively detailed
B. An approved scope change does not justify a cost overrun
C. The scope baseline cannot be changed once it is established
D. Scope changes must be approved by the change control board
B. An approved scope change does not justify a cost overrun
An approved scope change, with an impact on the project budget, should have changed the cost baseline. An approved scope change does not, therefore, justify a cost overrun (answer B). The remaining statements are incorrect.
You were assigned to an agile project that is developing a process automation system. After completing five sprints, the team made a significant effort to refine the product backlog. Which of the
following is the most likely outcome of the product backlog refinement?
A. The number of impediments will increase
B. The number of product backlog items will increase
C. The number of defects will increase
D. The number of items completed per sprint will increase
B. The number of product backlog items will increase
Product backlog refinement may help to disaggregate large, broadly defined requirements into small, clearly defined user stories.
You are a in a global organization trying to adopt agile. Team members, being new to the agile, are still unsure about their responsibilities. Who will be responsible for preparing and refining the product backlog?
A. The product owner and the team
B. The scrum master
C. The project team
D. The product owner with input from the project team
D. The product owner with input from the project team
The product owner is ultimately responsible for the product backlog but should work in close collaboration with the project team.
The team is using post-its to record brief statements of the product features written from the user perspective. What is the team documenting?
A. User story
B. User epics
C. Mind maps
D. Product backlog
A. User story
A user story is a concise and intuitive description of a feature, often written from the user perspective.
An agile team has a total of Six members, three members who work full time and three members who work part time. At the beginning of the second sprint, team members are defining the tasks required
to complete a user story. Which of the following statements regarding user stories are correct? (Choose three.)
A. They should add value
B. They are defined during sprint planning
C. They are recorded in the product backlog
D. They are assigned to individual team members
E. They are the actions required to complete product backlog items
F. They are a concise and intuitive description of a feature
A. They should add value
C. They are recorded in the product backlog
F. They are a concise and intuitive description of a feature
A user story is a concise and intuitive description of a valuable feature (answers A and F) recorded in the product backlog (answer C). A task represents a small action required to create a product backlog item (answer E). User stories are not defined as part of sprint planning (answer B) and should not be assigned to individual team members (answer D).
You are managing a project to build an office center. To collect requirements, you sent out a questionnaire to key stakeholders and requested anonymous answers. You expect to find a consensus by recirculating a summary of responses and requesting further comment. Which technique did you use?
A. Delphi
B. Brain writing
C. Brainstorming
D. Interviewing
A. Delphi
The Delphi technique reaches a consensus by repeatedly consulting experts, usually through an anonymous process.
The project manager should manage the project and the product scope. Which of the following statements regarding the product scope is correct?
A. Is progressively elaborated throughout the project
B. Defines the complete scope of work
C. Is defined in the project WBS
D. Defines the project business need
A. Is progressively elaborated throughout the project
The product scope can be progressively elaborated as more and better information becomes available. The project scope (not the product scope) is defined in the WBS. Therefore answers B and C are incorrect. The project business need is established as part of project initiation before planning the product scope. Therefore answer D is incorrect.
The project manager should manage the project and the product scope. Which of the following BEST describes project scope?
A. All of the agreed upon project deliverables
B. AI ofthe agreed upon product functionalities
C. Work required to complete the project objectives
D. Work required to complete the product
C. Work required to complete the project objectives
Project scope includes all the work required to achieve project objectives, including completing the project’s product.
A project has been authorized to develop a new mobile phone. The team is considering using brainstorming sessions to collect requirements. How can brainstorming support the requirements
collection process?
A. Collect new requirements and consolidate those requirements into a cohesive whole
B. Enable requirements-related discussions and prioritize requirements
C. Prioritize requirements and generate consensus
D. Develop a sense of team and enable an unrestrained collection of potential requirements
D. Develop a sense of team and enable an unrestrained collection of potential requirements
Brainstorming is an information gathering technique based on an
unconstrained and informal exchange of ideas.
The team is decomposing deliverables into work packages. What is the best advice you can offer?
A. Define work packages that can be clearly allocated to individuals, teams or organizational units
B. Decompose deliverables until the team can clearly identify logical relationships
C. Detail the WBS as much as possible to improve the accuracy of estimates
D. Decompose deliverables until the team can clearly identify product requirements
A. Define work packages that can be clearly allocated to individuals, teams or organizational units
Work packages should be clearly allocated to individuals, teams or
organizational units (answer A). Logical relationships are defined in the network diagram (answer B). Detailing the WBS Will not necessarily increase the accuracy of estimates (answer C). The WBS decomposes project work (answer D).
A project stakeholder made an incorrect statement about the work breakdown structure. Which one was it?
A. It should record resource-related information
B. Work that is not represented in the WBS is beyond the scope of the project
C. It establishes the total scope of the project
D. It is deliverable-oriented
A. It should record resource-related information
The WBS does not record resource-related information. The remaining statements are correct.
The brainstorming exercise has generated a large number of requirements. Your now need to organize requirements into groups according to their similarities. Which technique would best
accomplish this?
A. Mind mapping
B. Focus group
C. Multicriteria decision analysis
D. Affinity diagram
D. Affinity diagram
The affinity diagram organizes existing ideas into groups according to their similarities.
You have been hired to manage a strategic project. In the middle of the third iteration, the team is performing a backlog refinement session. When should the backlog be refined?
A. When the scrum master decides that the session is required
B. As required by the product owner when more information emerges
C. Atthe end of each sprint
D. As required to ensure that every item is properly disaggregated and includes the required acceptance criteria.
B. As required by the product owner when more information emerges
The product owner owns the product backlog (answer A) and may refine it as the project evolves (answers B and C). The backlog session ensures that the product backlog is ready to deliver the following iterations (answer D).
A WBS is a deliverable-oriented, treelike depiction of all the work required to accomplish the project objectives. Which of the following options is used to accelerate the WBS development?
A. Chart of accounts
B. Templates
C. Control accounts
D. WBS dictionary
B. Templates
WBS templates can accelerate WBS development
You are taking over an urban development project from a project manager who is retiring. The scope management plan and scope statement are already complete. Which of the following should be done NEXT?
A. Develop the project WBS
B. Define schedule activities
C. Ensure that the scope statement reflects the stakeholders’ understanding of the project and product scope
D. Submit the scope statement for approval
C. Ensure that the scope statement reflects the stakeholders’ understanding of the project and product scope
You should ensure that the scope statement establishes a common
understanding of what is included and excluded from the project and product scope (answer C). The remaining options may be performed later.
A team member is struggling to distinguish scope validation from quality control. You should explain to him that:
A. Scope validation is performed by team members and control quality is usually performed by the customer
B. Quality control may inspect any project deliverable and scope validation can only inspect project management deliverables
C. Scope validation is usually performed before quality control
D. None of the above
D. None of the above
Scope validation Will usually involve the customer and quality control will usually involve team members (answer A). Scope validation is not exclusively used to validate project management deliverables (answer B). Scope validation will usually be performed after quality control (answer C).
A project has been authorized to develop a new mobile phone. The customer is insisting on using focus groups to collect requirements. How can focus groups support the requirements collection
process?
A. Organize requirements into groups
B. Uncover requirements that the team might have overlooked or deepen the knowledge of previously identified requirements
C. Collect requirements based on an unrestrained exchange of ideas
D. Present a model to key stakeholders to obtain feedback
B. Uncover requirements that the team might have overlooked or deepen the knowledge of previously identified requirements
In a focus group, subject matter experts meet to express their expectations towards the product. Open discussions should help to uncover requirements that the team might have overlooked or to deepen the knowledge of previously identified requirements
You are managing a project that will expand the IT infrastructure. The team is not certain how to verify, change and trace requirements. You should direct the team members to the:
A. Scope statement
B. Requirements management plan
C. Requirement documentation
D. Requirements traceability matrix
B. Requirements management plan
The requirements management plan is an element of the project management plan that sets the rules regarding how to analyze, prioritize, document, approve, develop, verify, change and trace requirements.
A team member needs information regarding estimates, assumptions, acceptance criteria, and resources required for a particular work package. You should direct the team member to the:
A. Work breakdown structure dictionary
B. Project management plan
C. Scope statement
D. Work breakdown structure
A. Work breakdown structure dictionary
The WBS dictionary stores additional information regarding each work package.
A footwear manufacturer authorized an agile project to design a new pair of sneakers. During a sprint review meeting, the product owner identified a low-priority requirement. How should the product
owner proceed?
A. Record an epic in the product backlog
B. Use the meeting to disaggregate the epic into small, clearly defined user stories
C. Organize an urgent refinement meeting to decompose the epic into user stories and record them in the product backlog
D. Ignore the requirement because it is not a priority
A. Record an epic in the product backlog
The product owner can record the epic in the product backlog and later disaggregate into user stories, if there is a realistic probability that they will be completed.
You are working with key business representatives to create a common understanding of the project’s boundaries. You are defining what is and what is not included in the product scope, as well as defining the verifiable items that must be produced to complete the project and the items explicitly excluded from the project scope. Which document are you preparing?
A. Product breakdown structure
B. Scope statement
C. Work breakdown structure dictionary
D. Work breakdown structure
B. Scope statement
The scope statement establishes a common understanding among project stakeholders regarding the project and product scope. A typical scope statement may provide a detailed description of the product requirements, project deliverables and acceptance criteria.
You are reviewing a key project deliverable with the customer to ensure that it meets acceptance criteria and obtain a formal sign-off of the deliverable. The customer, however, claims that the
deliverable does not address the business need. Which of the following can help to redefine the deliverable?
A. Collect requirements
B. Define scope
C. Validate scope
D. Control scope
A. Collect requirements
If the deliverable does not address the business need, it indicates that there might have been a gap or misunderstanding in the initial requirements gathering. Collecting requirements involves defining and documenting stakeholders’ needs to meet the project objectives. Revisiting this process can help to redefine the deliverable to ensure it aligns with the business needs.
Control scope process would follow as it involves monitoring the status of the project and product scope and managing changes to the scope baseline. It is about managing changes to the scope, not redefining the deliverables based on business needs.
You need to quickly define cross-functional requirements as well as ensure consistency across multiple areas. Which requirement collection technique should be used?
A. Facilitated workshops
B. Brainstorming
C. Mind Map
D. Delphi
A. Facilitated workshops
Facilitated workshops can bring together stakeholders from multiple areas to discuss ideas and generate consensus, allowing for a swift collection of information. The interactive nature of workshops enables consensus and issues resolution.
The team met with key stakeholders and subject matter experts and collected a large set of requirements. A junior project manager, however, is unsure of the purpose of collecting requirements. Which of the following statements regarding collecting requirements is correct?
A. The collect requirements process defines high-level requirements that are later decomposed and recorded in the project WBS
B. The requirements documentation should provide an understanding of stakeholders’ needs
C. The team should collect business, stakeholder, solution and resource requirements during the collect requirements process
D. All collected requirements Will be part of the scope baseline
B. The requirements documentation should provide an understanding of stakeholders’ needs
The requirements documentation should provide an understanding of stakeholders’ needs (answer B). Requirements are detailed as part of the collect requirements process (answer A). The collect requirements process does not collect resource requirements (answer C). Some requirements may not be included in the scope baseline (answer D).
