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A&P > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Dartos muscle

A

Smooth muscle
Surrounds testes
•works with cremaster muscle to regulate temperature in testes

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2
Q

Cremaster muscle

A

Located in the inguinal canal
Extension of abdomen
Wraps around ductus deferens
•Regulates temperature working with the dartos muscle

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3
Q

Testes

A
  • Function in both exocrine and endocrine system
  • covered by tunica albiginea
  • contains seminiferous tubules inside if lobules
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4
Q

Tunica albiginea

A

White fibrous connective tissue surrounding the testes

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5
Q

Septa

A

An extension of the tunica albiginea

•extends into testes creating compartments called lobules

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6
Q

Lobules

A

Compartments made up by the septa
•containing seminiferous tubules
•where sperm develops

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7
Q

Seminiferous tubules

A

Where sperm develops

Inside of lobules

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8
Q

Interstitial cells

A

Aka leydig cells
•loose connective tissue surrounding seminiferous tubules
•secretes testosterone

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9
Q

Tubuli recti

A

Seminiferous tubules empty into these

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10
Q

Rete testis

A

Tubuli recti empty into these

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11
Q

Efferent ductules

A

Rete ductus empties into these

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12
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

Formation and development of sperm

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13
Q

Meiosis

A
  • goes through two different meiosis
  • first primary spermatocyte
  • then secondary spermatocyte
  • making spermatids
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14
Q

Spermatids

A

Contain 22 Autosomes
•made by meiosis of secondary spermatocytes
• contain one pair of each homologous chromosomes

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15
Q

Spermatogonia

A

Cells that give rise to sperm cells
•divide by mitosis
•adjacent to basement membrane of seminiferous tubules

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16
Q

Sustentacular cells (nurse cells)

A
  • nourish developing sperm cells
  • nourish with hormone secreted by interstitial cells
  • create blood testis barrier to protect sperm cells
17
Q

Blood-testis barrier

A
  • created from tight junction between sustentacular cells
  • protects sperm cells from immune system
  • barrier between sperm and germ cells
18
Q

Head of sperm contains

A
  • acrosome- contain enzymes to help penetrate female oocyte
  • contains the nucleus
  • contains chromosomes
19
Q

Spermatic cord consists of these 5 things:

A 
1-ductus deferens 
2-testicular artery & Venus plexus 
3-lymphatic vessels 
4-nerves
5-fibrous remnants of process vaginalis
20
Q

Epididymis

A 
Where sperm cells develop and fully mature
•made of:
Head- convoluted efferent ductules
Body-duct of epididymis 
Tail- duct of epididymis
21
Q

Ductus deferens

A

Begins in the tail of the epididymis
•made of:
Spermatic cord: blood vessels, nerves
Inguinal canal: surrounds cremaster muscle
Cremaster muscle: protecting ductus deferens and regulating testes
•ampulla: end opening of ductus deferens, where mature sperm goes

22
Q

Name the 3 male reproductive glands:

A

Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral gland

23
Q

(2) Seminal vesicles

A 
Located next to ampulla of ductus deferens
•fructose
•citric acid
•fibrinogen
•prostaglandins
24
Q

(1) prostate gland

A 
Had glandular and muscle tissue
•located below two ejaculatory ducts
•smooth tissue
•basic pH buffer
•clotting factors
•fibrinolysin: breaks down clots
25
Q

(2) bulbourethral gland

A

Compound mucous gland
•basic pH buffer
•lubrication

26
Q

What does semen consist of?

A

Sperm cells as well as secretions from reproductive glands
•seminal vesicles 60%
•prostate 30%
•bulbourethral 10%

27
Q

Corpus spongiosum

A
  • surrounds urethra
  • forms internal tissue of the glans penis
  • on ventral side
28
Q

Corpora cavernosum

A
  • on dorsal side

* made of two large sections

29
Q

GnRH

A 
Gandotropin releasing hormone
•released from hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary 
•two gandotropins are:
Luteinizing hormone 
Follicle stimulating hormone
30
Q

LH

A

Luteinizing hormone
•binds to and stimulates interstitial cells
•causing an increase of testosterone secretion

31
Q

FSH

A

Follicle stimulating hormone
•binds to sustentacular cells
•promoting cell development

32
Q

Testosterone is know as an

A

Androgen

•stimulates development of make reproductive structures and secondary male characteristics

33
Q

Gubernaculum

A
  • extension of the abdomen
  • drops down to anchor tested
  • fibromuscular cord
34
Q

Scrotal ligament

A

•left over from dropping of gubernaculum

A&P (13 decks)

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