Male Reproductive System

Question 1

Dartos muscle

Answer 1

Smooth muscle
Surrounds testes
•works with cremaster muscle to regulate temperature in testes

Question 2

Cremaster muscle

Answer 2

Located in the inguinal canal
Extension of abdomen
Wraps around ductus deferens
•Regulates temperature working with the dartos muscle

Question 3

Testes

Answer 3

• Function in both exocrine and endocrine system
• covered by tunica albiginea
• contains seminiferous tubules inside if lobules

Question 4

Tunica albiginea

Answer 4

White fibrous connective tissue surrounding the testes

Question 5

Septa

Answer 5

An extension of the tunica albiginea

•extends into testes creating compartments called lobules

Question 6

Lobules

Answer 6

Compartments made up by the septa
•containing seminiferous tubules
•where sperm develops

Question 7

Seminiferous tubules

Answer 7

Where sperm develops

Inside of lobules

Question 8

Interstitial cells

Answer 8

Aka leydig cells
•loose connective tissue surrounding seminiferous tubules
•secretes testosterone

Question 9

Tubuli recti

Answer 9

Seminiferous tubules empty into these

Question 10

Rete testis

Answer 10

Tubuli recti empty into these

Question 11

Efferent ductules

Answer 11

Rete ductus empties into these

Question 12

Spermatogenesis

Answer 12

Formation and development of sperm

Question 13

Meiosis

Answer 13

• goes through two different meiosis
• first primary spermatocyte
• then secondary spermatocyte
• making spermatids

Question 14

Spermatids

Answer 14

Contain 22 Autosomes
•made by meiosis of secondary spermatocytes
• contain one pair of each homologous chromosomes

Question 15

Spermatogonia

Answer 15

Cells that give rise to sperm cells
•divide by mitosis
•adjacent to basement membrane of seminiferous tubules

Question 16

Sustentacular cells (nurse cells)

Answer 16

• nourish developing sperm cells
• nourish with hormone secreted by interstitial cells
• create blood testis barrier to protect sperm cells

Question 17

Blood-testis barrier

Answer 17

• created from tight junction between sustentacular cells
• protects sperm cells from immune system
• barrier between sperm and germ cells

Question 18

Head of sperm contains

Answer 18

• acrosome- contain enzymes to help penetrate female oocyte
• contains the nucleus
• contains chromosomes

Question 19

Spermatic cord consists of these 5 things:

Answer 19

1-ductus deferens 
2-testicular artery & Venus plexus 
3-lymphatic vessels 
4-nerves
5-fibrous remnants of process vaginalis

Question 20

Epididymis

Answer 20

Where sperm cells develop and fully mature
•made of:
Head- convoluted efferent ductules
Body-duct of epididymis 
Tail- duct of epididymis

Question 21

Ductus deferens

Answer 21

Begins in the tail of the epididymis
•made of:
Spermatic cord: blood vessels, nerves
Inguinal canal: surrounds cremaster muscle
Cremaster muscle: protecting ductus deferens and regulating testes
•ampulla: end opening of ductus deferens, where mature sperm goes

Question 22

Name the 3 male reproductive glands:

Answer 22

Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral gland

Question 23

(2) Seminal vesicles

Answer 23

Located next to ampulla of ductus deferens
•fructose
•citric acid
•fibrinogen
•prostaglandins

Question 24

(1) prostate gland

Answer 24

Had glandular and muscle tissue
•located below two ejaculatory ducts
•smooth tissue
•basic pH buffer
•clotting factors
•fibrinolysin: breaks down clots

Question 25

(2) bulbourethral gland

Answer 25

Compound mucous gland •basic pH buffer •lubrication

Question 26

What does semen consist of?

Answer 26

Sperm cells as well as secretions from reproductive glands •seminal vesicles 60% •prostate 30% •bulbourethral 10%

Question 27

Corpus spongiosum

Answer 27

* surrounds urethra * forms internal tissue of the glans penis * on ventral side

Question 28

Corpora cavernosum

Answer 28

* on dorsal side | * made of two large sections

Question 29

GnRH

Answer 29

``` Gandotropin releasing hormone •released from hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary •two gandotropins are: Luteinizing hormone Follicle stimulating hormone ```

Question 30

LH

Answer 30

Luteinizing hormone •binds to and stimulates interstitial cells •causing an increase of testosterone secretion

Question 31

FSH

Answer 31

Follicle stimulating hormone •binds to sustentacular cells •promoting cell development

Question 32

Testosterone is know as an

Answer 32

Androgen | •stimulates development of make reproductive structures and secondary male characteristics

Question 33

Gubernaculum

Answer 33

* extension of the abdomen * drops down to anchor tested * fibromuscular cord

Question 34

Scrotal ligament

Answer 34

•left over from dropping of gubernaculum