Lab Endocrine Organs And Glands Flashcards
0
Q
Function of endocrine glands
A
- secrete hormones: chemical message that travel through blood stream to act of organs
- regulate cell chemistry
- acts on nervous system to maintain homeostasis
1
Q
Endocrine organs
A
- make of soft tissue
- 8 major glands
- as well as smaller glands that work locally
2
Q
8 major glands and locations
A
- pituitary, pineal: head/brain
- thyroid/parathyroid: neck
- thymus: chest/heart
- adrenals/pancreas: upper abdomen
- ovaries/testis: lower abdomen pelvis
3
Q
Glands of the head
A
- pituitary (hypophysis)
* pineal
4
Q
Pituitary hypophysis
A
- made of anterior and posterior
- attached to the hypothalamus
- by the infundibulum
- each piece functions independently and secretes separate hormones
5
Q
Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)
A
- smaller of two
- made of nervous tissue
- made in the hypothalamus, stored in the pituitary
- nerve stimulus
- Oxytocin: breast contractions, release of milk, uterine contractions
- Antidiuretic: reabsorption and retention of water in kidneys
6
Q
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
A
- 3 parts: pars tuberalis, pars intermedia, pars distalis
- production and release controlled by hypothalamus
- reach anterior p through blood network called the portal system
- hypophyseal portal vein: carries through infundibulum to anterior pituitary
- here hypothalamus acts like endocrine gland
7
Q
The hormones of the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
A
- Growth hormone: cell And tissue growth
- prolactin: mammary glands prod milk
- FSH: production of sex cells
- LH: cases production of sex hormones and Graafian follicles maturation during ovulation
- thyroid stimulating hormone: stimulates thyroid hormones and gland
- adrenocorticorotropic hormone: hormone production in adrenal cortex
8
Q
Pineal gland
A
- diencephalon of brain
- Melatonin: inhibitory hormone
- circadian rhythms
- hormone of darkness
9
Q
Glands of neck and chest
A
- thyroid
- parathyroid
- thymus
10
Q
Thyroid
A
- anterior to larynx
- Thyroxin: basal metabolic rates
- Calcitonin: deposition of calcium in bones
11
Q
Parathyroid
A
- 4 or 5 glands embedded in thyroid
- parathyroid hormone: increase calcium in blood
- release calcium from bone
12
Q
Thymus
A
- around heart
- Thymosin: maturation of T cells
- mediated immunity against antigens
13
Q
Glands of the abdomen
A
- pancreas
- adrenal
- ovaries and testis
14
Q
Pancreas
A
- beneath stomach, above lg intestine
- Insulin: lowers blood glucose levels\ converts glucose to glycogen
- Glucagon: raises blood glucose levels\ made in islets of Langerhans
