Major Muscle Groups

Question 1

Define muscle origin

Answer 1

attachment of the muscle usually in a fixed position and close to the center of the body (proximal attachment)

Question 2

Define insertion

Answer 2

usually attaches to the part in motion and further from the center of the body (distal attachment)

Question 3

Define tentons

Answer 3

at ends of muscles to provide tendinous attachment to bones (tendon @ origin/proximal attachment, usually very short) (tends @ insertion/distal attachment long)

Question 4

What is a flat or board tendon?

Answer 4

Aponeurosis

Question 5

What is a raphe?

Answer 5

tendons of 2 muscles attached to peach other forming one midline tendon

Question 6

Define Ligament

Answer 6

Fibrous connective tissue attaching bone to bone for structure and stability

Question 7

Flex

Answer 7

muscle contracts

Question 8

Extends

Answer 8

muscle relaxes

Question 9

Pronate

Answer 9

rotate palm down

Question 10

Supinate

Answer 10

rotate palm up

Question 11

flexor surface

Answer 11

side of joint where flexion decreases resting angle (muscle on flexor surface=flexes that joint)

Question 12

extensor surface

Answer 12

side of joint where extension increases resting angle
(muscle on extensor surface= extensor for that joint)

Question 13

Intrinsic muscle

Answer 13

muscles confined to a structure

Question 14

extrinsic muscle

Answer 14

muscles that connect structure to the body
one attachment to limb/structure, other to body

Question 15

Cutaneous Muscles

Answer 15

just deep of the skin, move the skin over the,, little to no skeletal attachment (ex: cutaneous trunci-> twitching of muscles)

Question 16

Head + Neck Muscles

Answer 16

move head+neck relative to itself, each other or cranial

Question 17

breathing/swallowing muscles

Answer 17

** Breathing muscles are functional! up/down she of thoracic cavity
pharyngeal(dilate/constrict pharynx)
soft palate (elevate/depress/short soft palate)
laryngeal(open/close laryngeal)

Question 18

Lateral/ ventral Body walls

Answer 18

layers muscles contain/support viscora + support vertbral column/body as well

Question 19

Epaxial muscle

Answer 19

muscles of vertebral column DORSAL to transverse process for EXTENSION of the spine

Question 20

Hypaxial muscle

Answer 20

muscles of vertebral column VENTRAL to transverse process for FLEXION of the spine

Question 21

Shoulder joint

Answer 21

acts of shoulder

Question 22

Arm Muscles

Answer 22

Acts of elbow

Question 23

Forearm Muscles

Answer 23

Acts of carpus +digits

Question 24

Pelvis Muscles

Answer 24

Acts of hip joint

Question 25

Leg Muscles

Answer 25

Acts of hock and digits

Question 26

Function of Muscles

Answer 26

Contracts: active shortening
Relaxes: passive lengthening

Muscles only pull NEVER PUSH

Question 27

Muscles actions on joints

Answer 27

Flex or extend
Adduct or abduct
Pronate or Supinate
Rotate
Stabilize

Question 28

Muscles of Breathing and Swallowing

Answer 28

Pharyngeal Muscles
Soft palate
Laryngeal
Hyoid

Question 29

Muscles of the vertebral column

Answer 29

Tranversopinal
Longissimus
Iliocostalis

Question 30

Aponeurosis

Answer 30

layer of muscle of stomach, bottom of stomach