Maintaining Body Temperature (Ectotherms And Endotherms) Flashcards
❗️What is the response:
Of the sweat glands in the skin if the body temperature is too high?
They secrete more sweat onto the skin.
The water in the sweat evaporates, using heat from the blood to supply latent heat of vaporisation.
What is an endotherm?
An organisms which can use physiological mechanisms to regulate internal body temperature, independently of the external environment!
(Shiver/Sweating)
❗️What is the response:
Of the sweat glands in the skin if the body temperature is too low?
Less sweat is secreted.
Less evaporation of water.
Less loss of latent heat.
❗️What is the response:
Of the lungs mouth and nose if the body temperature is too high?
Panting increases the evaporation of water from the lungs, tongue and other moist surfaces - using latent heat.
❗️What is the response:
Of the lungs mouth and nose if the body temperature is too low?
The animal does not pant, so less water evaporates.
❗️What is the response:
Of the hairs on the skin if the body temperature is too high?
The hairs lie flat on the skin, providing little insulation.
More heat can be lost by convection radiation.
❗️What is the response:
Of the hairs on the skin if the body temperature is too low?
The hairs are raised to trap an insulating layer of air.
Reducing the loss of heat from the skin.
❗️What is the response:
Of the arterioles, leading to capillaries, in the skin if the body temperature is too high?
Vasodilation allows more blood into capillaries near the skin surface.
More heat can be radiated from the skin.
❗️What is the response:
Of the arterioles, leading to capillaries, in the skin if the body temperature is too low?
Vasoconstriction reduces the flow of blood through capillaries near the surface of the skin.
Less heat is radiated.
❗️What is the response:
Of the skeletal muscles if the body temperature is too high?
No spontaneous contractions.
❗️What is the response:
Of the skeletal muscles if the body temperature is too low?
Spontaneous contractions i.e. shivering, generate heat as muscle cells respire more.
Thermoreceoptors stimulated by decrease in temp
What are the examples of behavioural mechanisms if the body temperature is too hot?
Moving to shade or hiding in a burrow.
Orientate body to decrease surface area exposed to the sun.
Remaining inactive
What are the examples of behavioural mechanisms if the body temperature is too cold?
Moving to sunlight.
Orientate body to increase surface area expose to the sun.
Moving about (increase activity) to generate heat in muscles.
What is an ectotherm?
An organism that relies on external sources of heat to regulate its body temperate.
Give examples of how ectotherms regulate body temperature:
Basking in the sun
Finding shade
Altering body shape
Increase breathing movements
Orientate exposed body to or away from sun.
