M27: Male Reproductive System Flashcards
4 functions of reproductive systems
- GAMETOGENESIS
- FERTILIZATION
- DEVELOPMENT OF NEW INDIVIDUAL
- PRODUCE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES
gonads
testes and ovaries
4 functions of male reproductive system
- testes PRODUCE SPERM and MAKE MALE SEX HORMONES
- ducts TRANSPORT, STORE and help with MATURATION OF SPERM
- gland SECRETE liquid portion of SEMEN
- penis contains urethra - PASSAGE FOR URINE AND SEMEN
epididymis
vas deferens
ampulla of ductus deferens
seminal vesicles
prostate gland structure + function
bulbourethral (cowper’s) gland
scrotum structure + function
structure
- sac of loose skin, fascia and smooth muscle (DARTOS MUSCLE)
- divided into two pouches by SCROTAL SEPTUM
- contains testes
- RAPHE - indentation on outside of body that distinguishes scrotal sacs
Function: temperature regulation of testes
- sperm survival requires 2-3˚C below core body temp
- CREMASTER MUSCLE: elevates testes when exposed to cold
- DARTOS MUSCLE: makes scrotum wrinkled to preserve warmth
cremaster muscle
elevates testes on exposure to cold
dartos muscle
wrinkles scrotum to preserve warmth
spermatic cord
collection of blood vessels, nerves tissues etc. that carry things to testes
raphe
indentation on outside of body that separates scrotal sacs
testes structure + function
structure:
- paired oval glands
- TUNICA ALBUGINEA: CT capsule that surrounds testes
- SEPTA: extensions of tunica albuginea that go into testes, create LOBULES (200-300/testicle)
- each lobule filled with 1-3 SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES where sperm are formed
function
- sperm production
serous membrane that surrounds testes and epididymis
tunica vaginalis
histology of seminiferous tubule, superficial to deep
- LEYDIG CELLS
- basement membrane
- SUSTENTACULAR (SERTOLI) CELL
- SPERMATOGENIC CELLS
sustentacular (sertoli) cell
Seminiferous tubules
- blood testes barrier
- produce fluid and control release of sperm into lumen
- secrete INHIBIN which slows sperm production, indirectly reduces testerone
Leydig cells
Between adjacent seminiferous tubules
- secrete testosterone
sperm cell development
- spermatogenic cells
- spermatogonium (2n) (stem cell)
- primary spermatocyte (2n)
- secondary spermatocyte (n)
meiosis - spermatid (n)
- spermatic matures into sperm
- sperm cell/spermatozoon (n)
spermiation
release of a sperm cell from a sertoli (sustentacular) cell
how long can spermatogenisis take
65-70 days
effects of inhibin hormone
- ↓ testosterone (indirectly)
- ↓ sperm production
spermatogenesis
development of SPERMATIDS to SPERM CELLS
