M1: Quasi-experimental design

Question 1

Used when researchers cannot obtain results using true experimental methods.

Answer 1

Quasi-experimental design

Question 2

“Resembles” experimental research.

Answer 2

Quasi-experimental design

Question 3

TRUE or FALSE
In Quasi-experimental design, the researcher cannot randomly assign units or participants to conditions

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

TRUE or FALSE
In Quasi-experimental design, they cannot generally control or manipulate the independent variable,

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

TRUE or FALSE
In Quasi-experimental design, they cannot eliminate the influence of extraneous variables.

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

Although the term “quasi-experiment” includes the word “experiment,” quasi-experimental designs lead to ______ claims, not causation claims.

Answer 6

association

Question 7

Quasi-experimental designs are helpful when assigning participants to conditions ______

Answer 7

randomly

Question 8

manipulating the independent variable is ______, ______, or ______.

Answer 8

impractical
impossible
unethical

Question 9

TRUE or FALSE
Quasi-experimental designs differ from correlational designs because they include some attempts to create equivalent groups and some attempts to manipulate the independent variable, or both. For this reason, these designs can support a stronger claim about associations between variables.

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

A school interested in testing a new teaching method can only implement it in preexisting classes and cannot randomly assign students.

Answer 10

Practical Constraints

Question 11

A medical study might not be able to randomly assign participants to a treatment group for an experimental medication when they are already taking a proven drug.

Answer 11

Ethical Concerns

Question 12

Quasi-experiments cannot exclude all confounding variables when investigating _______ relationships between variables, so we cannot unequivocally establish causation with a quasi-experimental study.

Answer 12

causal

Question 13

Quasi-experimental designs include some (but not all) of the elements of ________ observation found in experimental designs, thus eliminating some of the problems with making causal conclusions that are found in correlational designs.

Answer 13

controlled

Question 14

A researcher may choose a _________ over an experimental design to gather data in the real world or to gather data about variables that cannot practically or ethically be manipulated.

Answer 14

quasi-experimental design

Question 15

The most common experimental element missing from quasi-experimental designs is the use of _____ ______.

Answer 15

random assignment

Question 16

Another experimental design element that may be missing is manipulation of the _________ ______.

Answer 16

independent variable

Question 17

If participants are assigned to groups based on a variable such as
the participant’s _____, _____, _____, or _____ status instead of random assignment, the study uses a quasi-experimental design.

Answer 17

age
race
gender
diagnosis