Lymphatic system review Flashcards
What is the functions of the lymphatic system
1) immune defence (houses, produces, distributes WBC)
2) maintains blood volume (Returns interstitial fluid to blood
3) Transports dietary lipids (Chyle)
What is fatty lymph called
Chyle
What is the primary lymphoid tissue/organ
where lymphocytes from & mature
explain where T & B lymphocytes go, after being from the same common stem cell
B lymphocytes mature in bone marrow
T lymphocytes mature in the thymus
when a B lymphocyte leaves the bone marrow it is…
An immature B Lymphocyte
when a T lymphocytes leaves the thymus
it is a mature, naive T lymphocyte
What is the secondary lymphoid tissue/organ
where the lymphocytes are activated & become cloned
what is the secondary lymphoid tissue of the B lymphocytes
The Spleen & Lymph nodes
what is the secondary lympoid tissues for the T lymphocytes
mucosal & cutaneous lymphoid tissue
Explain the components of lymph
Derived from interstitial fluid
Less protein than plasma has.
What do lymph vessels do
collect excess tissue fluid & return it to JUGULAR & SUBCLAVIAN veins
what are the lymphatic capillaries
VERY PERMEABLE blind ended microscopic vessels throughout loose Connective tissue.
What are the lacteals
Special lymph capillaries that receive digest lipids from intestine. This is called fatty lymph fluid or chyle
What are the lymph collecting vessels
collect lymph form lymph capillaries Run parallel to BV.
Unit to form Lymphatic trunks. Structurally similar to veins with valves.
What do the superficial lymphatic vessels do
collect lymph from hypodermic & CT under mucous membranes
what doe the deep lymphatic vessels do
run parallel to veins & arteries
what do the lymphatic trunks do
deliver lymph to collecting ducts
what are the 2 collecting ducts
Right lymphatic duct - collects from R. Arm, R. Side head, R. Thoracic region
Left Thoracic duct - Collects else where
**THEY BOTH DUMP INTO JUGULAR/SUBCLAVIAN veins
what is the cisterna chyli
in the abdomen, it receives chyle
as lymph passes through the lymph nodes…
it gets filtered & surveilled by immune system b4 put into blood
where are the most lymph nodes found
Axillary, Cervical, inguinal
what are the functions of lymph nodes
1) House WBC (lymphocytes & macrophages
2) Filter lymph (remove pathogens & diseased cells)
3) Activation of specific immune defence cells
(Lymphocytes are activated by expose to pathogens as lymph fluid passes through the lymph nodes)
what does the afferent lymph vessel do
how lymph enters node past capsule & trabeculae made of dense CT
what is the follicle (of the lymph node)
had germinal center where B CELLS divide
What is in the cortex ( of the lymph node)
the B cells
what is in the precortex (of the lymph nodes)
where the T cells are
what happens in the PRECORTEX & CORTEX of the lymph nodes
lymphocytes in these areas get activated by exposure to pathogens
what is in the sinus of the lymph node
In between the capsule & the cortex. There are RETICULAR FIBERS that rrap pathogens, macrophages and phagocytize them.
what happens in the medulla of the lymph node
activated B cells secrete antibodies
what is lymphadenopathy
enlargement of lymph nodes b/c of an increase in lymphocytes & monocytes in the node because of bacterial/viral infection or cancer
Why are lymph nodes a good place for cancer metastasis
B/c they filter the fluid with the cancer cells in them & the cancer cells sometimes get caught & become established and form a secondary malignant growth.
What does the red pulp in the spleen do & have
Many erythrocytes, macrophages that phagocytize. This filters out the pathogens & old RBCS
what does the white pulp in the spleen do
Lymphoid tissue. lymphocytes and macrosphages are suspended in the reticular tissue
what is the functions of the spleen
1) Remove old RBCS
2) Filter blood -> Macrophages remove pathogens
3) Stores platelets, RBC’s and WBC’s
4) Immune surveillance -> lymphocytes initiate immune responses to pathogens in blood
5) RBC production in developing fetus
what does the thymus glad have & do
NO B CELLS.
Immature T cells migrate here from the bone marrow. They mature here under the influence of thymus epithelial cells & hormones thymosins.
What is meant by the “T Cell bootcamp” of the thymus
T cells are tested here before they enter circulation. They must learn to recognize, but not target ur own cells.
what is MALT
MUCOSA ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE. Provides protection against pathogens in gut & respiratory passages. -Tonsils -Peyers patches -Appendix
explain the tonsils & where they are
1) Pharyngeal/adenoid (1) Roof of nasopharynx
2) Palatine (2) in oropharynx
3) Lingual (2) under tongue
What are lymphoid follicle
part of tonsils that houses lymphocytes. Removes pathogens from entering pharynx.
what is peyer patches
aggravated lymphoid follicles in the wall of small intestine. Provides protection from bacteria.
what is the appendix
-Aggregation of lymphoid follicles. A pouch at the beginning of the lrg intestine. May protect or be a reservoir
What are the major accessory organs of the lymphoid system
spleen, appendix, peyer’s patches, thymus, tonsils.
