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BIO 153 final (Lab Exam + Lecture) > Lymphatic system review > Flashcards

Lymphatic system review Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the functions of the lymphatic system

A

1) immune defence (houses, produces, distributes WBC)
2) maintains blood volume (Returns interstitial fluid to blood
3) Transports dietary lipids (Chyle)

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2
Q

What is fatty lymph called

A

Chyle

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3
Q

What is the primary lymphoid tissue/organ

A

where lymphocytes from & mature

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4
Q

explain where T & B lymphocytes go, after being from the same common stem cell

A

B lymphocytes mature in bone marrow

T lymphocytes mature in the thymus

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5
Q

when a B lymphocyte leaves the bone marrow it is…

A

An immature B Lymphocyte

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6
Q

when a T lymphocytes leaves the thymus

A

it is a mature, naive T lymphocyte

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7
Q

What is the secondary lymphoid tissue/organ

A

where the lymphocytes are activated & become cloned

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8
Q

what is the secondary lymphoid tissue of the B lymphocytes

A

The Spleen & Lymph nodes

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9
Q

what is the secondary lympoid tissues for the T lymphocytes

A

mucosal & cutaneous lymphoid tissue

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10
Q

Explain the components of lymph

A

Derived from interstitial fluid

Less protein than plasma has.

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11
Q

What do lymph vessels do

A

collect excess tissue fluid & return it to JUGULAR & SUBCLAVIAN veins

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12
Q

what are the lymphatic capillaries

A

VERY PERMEABLE blind ended microscopic vessels throughout loose Connective tissue.

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13
Q

What are the lacteals

A

Special lymph capillaries that receive digest lipids from intestine. This is called fatty lymph fluid or chyle

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14
Q

What are the lymph collecting vessels

A

collect lymph form lymph capillaries Run parallel to BV.

Unit to form Lymphatic trunks. Structurally similar to veins with valves.

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15
Q

What do the superficial lymphatic vessels do

A

collect lymph from hypodermic & CT under mucous membranes

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16
Q

what doe the deep lymphatic vessels do

A

run parallel to veins & arteries

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17
Q

what do the lymphatic trunks do

A

deliver lymph to collecting ducts

18
Q

what are the 2 collecting ducts

A

Right lymphatic duct - collects from R. Arm, R. Side head, R. Thoracic region
Left Thoracic duct - Collects else where
**THEY BOTH DUMP INTO JUGULAR/SUBCLAVIAN veins

19
Q

what is the cisterna chyli

A

in the abdomen, it receives chyle

20
Q

as lymph passes through the lymph nodes…

A

it gets filtered & surveilled by immune system b4 put into blood

21
Q

where are the most lymph nodes found

A

Axillary, Cervical, inguinal

22
Q

what are the functions of lymph nodes

A

1) House WBC (lymphocytes & macrophages
2) Filter lymph (remove pathogens & diseased cells)
3) Activation of specific immune defence cells
(Lymphocytes are activated by expose to pathogens as lymph fluid passes through the lymph nodes)

23
Q

what does the afferent lymph vessel do

A

how lymph enters node past capsule & trabeculae made of dense CT

24
Q

what is the follicle (of the lymph node)

A

had germinal center where B CELLS divide

25
Q

What is in the cortex ( of the lymph node)

A

the B cells

26
Q

what is in the precortex (of the lymph nodes)

A

where the T cells are

27
Q

what happens in the PRECORTEX & CORTEX of the lymph nodes

A

lymphocytes in these areas get activated by exposure to pathogens

28
Q

what is in the sinus of the lymph node

A

In between the capsule & the cortex. There are RETICULAR FIBERS that rrap pathogens, macrophages and phagocytize them.

29
Q

what happens in the medulla of the lymph node

A

activated B cells secrete antibodies

30
Q

what is lymphadenopathy

A

enlargement of lymph nodes b/c of an increase in lymphocytes & monocytes in the node because of bacterial/viral infection or cancer

31
Q

Why are lymph nodes a good place for cancer metastasis

A

B/c they filter the fluid with the cancer cells in them & the cancer cells sometimes get caught & become established and form a secondary malignant growth.

32
Q

What does the red pulp in the spleen do & have

A

Many erythrocytes, macrophages that phagocytize. This filters out the pathogens & old RBCS

33
Q

what does the white pulp in the spleen do

A

Lymphoid tissue. lymphocytes and macrosphages are suspended in the reticular tissue

34
Q

what is the functions of the spleen

A

1) Remove old RBCS
2) Filter blood -> Macrophages remove pathogens
3) Stores platelets, RBC’s and WBC’s
4) Immune surveillance -> lymphocytes initiate immune responses to pathogens in blood
5) RBC production in developing fetus

35
Q

what does the thymus glad have & do

A

NO B CELLS.
Immature T cells migrate here from the bone marrow. They mature here under the influence of thymus epithelial cells & hormones thymosins.

36
Q

What is meant by the “T Cell bootcamp” of the thymus

A

T cells are tested here before they enter circulation. They must learn to recognize, but not target ur own cells.

37
Q

what is MALT

A 
MUCOSA ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE. 
Provides protection against pathogens in gut & respiratory passages. 
-Tonsils
-Peyers patches
-Appendix
38
Q

explain the tonsils & where they are

A

1) Pharyngeal/adenoid (1) Roof of nasopharynx
2) Palatine (2) in oropharynx
3) Lingual (2) under tongue

39
Q

What are lymphoid follicle

A

part of tonsils that houses lymphocytes. Removes pathogens from entering pharynx.

40
Q

what is peyer patches

A

aggravated lymphoid follicles in the wall of small intestine. Provides protection from bacteria.

41
Q

what is the appendix

A

-Aggregation of lymphoid follicles. A pouch at the beginning of the lrg intestine. May protect or be a reservoir

42
Q

What are the major accessory organs of the lymphoid system

A

spleen, appendix, peyer’s patches, thymus, tonsils.

BIO 153 final (Lab Exam + Lecture) (13 decks)

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