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Anatomy & Physiology > Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Flashcards

0
Q

What does the lymphatic system provide?

A

Return to the circulation for fluid that has leaked from capillary blood into the surrounding tissue

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1
Q

What is the lymphatic system?

A

Complex network of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes & other lymphoid tissue

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2
Q

What is the name of the fluid that is found in the tissue?

A

Lymph fluid

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3
Q

What does lymph fluid contain?

A

Lymphocytes (white blood cells)

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4
Q

What do lymphocytes play a role in?

A

Immunity

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5
Q

What are the principle functions of the lymphatic system?

A

Bathe cells deep within tissue, providing nutrients.
Maintain fluid balance between plasma & interstitial fluid.
House lymphocytes.
Allow the absorption of fatty acids from the gut (into lacteals)

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6
Q

Where is the cervical lymph node located?

A

Neck

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7
Q

Where does the lymphatic thoracic duct enter?

A

Left subclavian vein

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8
Q

Where does the right lymphatic duct enter?

A

Right subclavian vein

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9
Q

Where are the axillary lymph nodes located?

A

Armpits

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10
Q

Where is the lymphatic thoracic duct located?

A

Bottom of thoracic cavity

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11
Q

What is the cisterna chyli?

A

Lymph junction to the legs

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12
Q

Where r the inguinal lymph nodes located?

A

Groin

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13
Q

What are the principle lymphatic vessels?

A

Thymus & spleen

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14
Q

Where are lymph nodes located?

A

Near main arteries

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15
Q

Where is lymph formed?

A

Capillary beds as blood flows through capillaries

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16
Q

Why does fluid tend to leave the blood & enter the interstitial space?

A

Due to relative pressure in blood vessels

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17
Q

What part of the capillary beds does the lymph tend to leave in?

A

Arterial part

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18
Q

Where does lymph tend to return to the blood?

A

Venous part

19
Q

Even when plasma protein levels are normal how foes the fluid act?

A

More fluid leaves the blood than re-enters

20
Q

What happens to the excess fluid in the tissue?

A

Drains into tiny blind ended vessels called lymphatic capillaries

21
Q

What is the fluid that drains into lymphatic capillaries called?

A

Lymph (clear, colourless)

22
Q

Why is lymph similar to plasma?

A

Electrolyte compsition

23
Q

What does lymph contain very little of?

A

Protein

24
Q

Define lymphatic circulation and how it works?

A

Tiny blind ended lymphatic capillaries drain into larger lymphatic vessels which run alongside major veins and carry lymph back to the blood

25
Q

What is lymph travelling towards a lymph node called?

A

Afferent lymphatics

26
Q

What is lymph travelling away from a lymph node called?

A

Efferent lymphatics

27
Q

Why does the lymphatic system have valves?

A

Prevent backflow of lymph

28
Q

What two lymphatic ducts drain back into the subclavian veins?

A

Thoracic & cervical ducts

29
Q

What happens if lymph vessels are blocked or damaged?

A

Tissue can become oedematous & swollen (lymph-oedema)

30
Q

How many lymph nodes does the lymphatic system consist of?

A

Around 500 lymph nodes (swellings)

31
Q

What does the lymphoid tissue house?

A

Lymphocytes

32
Q

What size is a lymph node?

A

1mm - 25mm in length

33
Q

Where does lymph draining pass through before returning to the blood?

A

Lymph nodes

34
Q

What are the regions that nodes are organised in called?

A

Follicles

35
Q

What do the lymph nodes house?

A

B-lymphocytes & memory cells

36
Q

What are found in large numbers between lymphatic follicles?

A

T-lymphocytes

37
Q

Why does the lymph percolate through the node tissues?

A

So that any pathogens are exposed to lymphocytes in the node

38
Q

What is the purpose of the lymphocytes in the nodes?

A

To mount an appropriate immune response

39
Q

Where else do lymphocytes go?

A

Leave nodes via efferent lymph & return to circulation

40
Q

What is the purpose of lymphocytes entering the blood stream?

A

So the body is continuously patrolled by immune cells

41
Q

What are the secondary lymphoid tissues in the body?

A

Tonsils & adenoids, lymph nodes, spleen, peyers patches,

42
Q

In the lymphatic system, what does older tissue house?

A

Large numbers of lymphocytes

43
Q

What are the primary lymphoid?

A

Bone marrow & thymus

44
Q

Where do b lymphocytes mature?

A

Bone marrow

45
Q

Where do t lymphocytes mature?

A

Thymus gland

Anatomy & Physiology (15 decks)

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