Lymphatic/immune Flashcards
Interstitial fluid (lymph)
Fluid that surrounds body cells
Lymph nodes
Clusters of lymph tissue; produce lymphocytes, filter lymph, and trap harmful substances
Macrophages
Phagocytose foreign substance
B lymphocytes (B cells)
Produce antibodies; mature in the bone marrow
T lymphocytes (T cells)
Attack bacteria and foreign cells; originate in the thymus gland; recognize and remember antigens attacking stronger each time
Lymph capillaries
Smallest lymphatic vessels. Found in tissue spaces
Spleen
Destroys old red blood cells, filters microorganisms out of blood, activates lymphocytes during filtration,stores blood
What are the spleen and thymus gland made of?
Lymph tissue
Is the thymus larger in kids or adults? Why?
Kids b/c need to build effective immune system
Adaptive immunity
Active
How would you acquire active immunity?
Vaccination, stem cell transplant, having an infection
Natural immunity
Passive
How do you acquire passive immunity?
Antitoxins, immunoglobulins, maternal antibodies
Vaccines
Contain antigens from the patients tumor cells; stimulates T cells to kill cells active immunotherapy
Dendritic cells
Cultured and exposed outside the body and reinfused
Monoclonal antibodies (MoAb)
Multiple copies of cells/genes that kill tumor cells; passive immunotherapy
Donor lymphocyte infusion
T cells attack tumor after infusion; passive immunotherapy
Adaptive immunity
Ability to recognize and remember antigens and attack them
Adenoids
Lymphatic tissue in nasopharynx
Antibody
Protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens
Lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland
Lymph vessel
Carrier of lymph throughout the body
Macrophage
Large phagocyte in lymph nodes
Thoracic duct
Drains lymph from lower/ left side of body; empties into veins in neck
Thymus gland
Located in mediastinum. Conditions T cells to react to foreign cells
Toxin
protein produced by bacteria, animals & plants
Vaccine
Weakened/killed microorganisms, toxins, other proteins given to induce immunity
Areas of lymph nodes
Neck, armpit, chest, intestinal, lumbar (paraaortic), groin, tonsils, adenoids
Adenoids
Enlarged lymph tissue near nasal passages
Lymphocytosis
Increase in lymphocytes in response to infection
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus causes aids (destroys T cells)
Hodgkin disease
Malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue in spleen/lymph nodes
Skin cancer seen in aids
Kaposi sarcoma
Lung disease in aids
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
How does lymph system compliment blood system?
Transports leaked proteins back into blood/ absorbs and transports fat
How are the structures of lymph vessels and veins similar?
Valves, no pump
