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Med Term > Cancer Medicine > Flashcards

Cancer Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Malignant

A

Multiply rapidly, invasive and infiltrative, undifferentiated, metastasize

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2
Q

Benign

A

Grow slowly, encapsulated, differentiated, don’t spread

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3
Q

What are some enviro carcinogens?

A

Chemical, radiation, viruses (RNA/DNA), oncogenes (rad/colon cancer,myc/lymphoma, and bcr-abl/ chronic myelogenous leukemia)

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4
Q

What are some hereditary carcinogens?

A

Retinoblastoma, polyposis coli, Wilm’s tumors, Ewig’s sarcomas

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5
Q

Neoplasm (tumors)

A

Growths that arise from normal tissue

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6
Q

What epithelial carcinomas are found in lung?

A

Adenocarcinoma (bronchioloaveolar), large cell, small (oat) cell, squamous cell (epidermoid)

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7
Q

What epithelial carcinomas are found in reproductive organs?

A

Adenocarcinoma of uterus, carcinoma of penis, choriocarcinoma of uterus/testes, cystadenocarcinoma (mucinous/serous) of ovaries, seminoma/embryonal cell carcinoma (testes), squamous cell (epidermoid) carcinoma of vag or cervix

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8
Q

What epithelial carcinomas found in skin?

A

Basal cell, malignant melanoma, squamous cell

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9
Q

Sarcomas

A

Connective tissue origin, 5% of all malignancies

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10
Q

Where are cystic tumors found?

A

Ovarian

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11
Q

Where are fungating tumors found?

A

Colon

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12
Q

Where are inflammatory tumors found?

A

Breast

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13
Q

Where are medullary tumors found?

A

Thyroid/breast

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14
Q

Where are necrotic tumors found?

A

Loss of blood supply

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15
Q

Where is a polypoid tumor found?

A

Colon

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16
Q

Where is an ulcerating tumor found?

A

Stomach

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17
Q

Verrucous

A

Wartlike (gingiva) tumors

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18
Q

Alveolar

A

Tumor cells form patterns resemble small sacs

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19
Q

Carcinoma in situ

A

Localized tumor cells not invaded adjacent structure

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20
Q

Diffuse

A

Spread evenly through affected tissue

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21
Q

Dysplastic

A

Containing abnormal-appearing cells not clearly cancerous

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22
Q

Epidermoid

A

Resembling squamous epithelial cells

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23
Q

Follicular

A

Forming small glandular sacs

24
Q

Papillary

A

Small finger-like projections of cells

25
Q

Pleomorphic

A

Composed of variety of cells

26
Q

Scirrhous

A

Densely packed tumors, due to dense bands of fibrous tissue

27
Q

Undifferentiated

A

Lacking microscopic structures typical of normal mature cells

28
Q

Grade

A

Degree of maturity or differentiation under microscope

29
Q

Stage

A

Extent of spread in the body

30
Q

Core needle biopsy

A

Small sample from center

31
Q

En bloc resection

A

Resection of large block of tumor and tissue (breast)

32
Q

Excision biopsy

A

Removal and biopsy

33
Q

Exenteration

A

Removal of organ

34
Q

Fine needle aspiration biopsy

A

Fluid removal from lesion

35
Q

Fulguration

A

High frequency electrical current

36
Q

Incisional biopsy

A

Incision into a lesion or a specific part of a lesion

37
Q

Brachytherapy

A

Radiation

38
Q

Electron beams

A

Close to patient or implanted

39
Q

External beam radiation (teletherapy)

A

Beam is far from patient

40
Q

Fractionation

A

Radiation doses split into intervals

41
Q

Gray (Gy)

A

Absorbed dose of radiation energy

42
Q

Linear accelerator

A

Increases the velocity of subatomic particles

43
Q

Photon therapy

A

The smallest unit of radiation therapy

44
Q

Proton therapy

A

Uses protons, less damaging to other tissues

45
Q

Radiocurable tumor

A

Tx may be radiation only

46
Q

Radioresistant tumor

A

Self explanatory

47
Q

Radiosensitive tumor

A

Appears to be sensitive to radiation

48
Q

Radiosensitizers

A

Drugs that make cells more sensitive to radiation

49
Q

Simulation

A

Use of computer to simulate the cancer scenario and tx

50
Q

Stereotactic radiosurgery

A

Surgery using radiation to destroy the lesion

51
Q

Alopecia

A

Baldness

52
Q

Fibrosis

A

Increase in connective tissue

53
Q

Infertility

A

Inability to conceive a child

54
Q

Mucositis

A

Inflammation and ulceration of mucous membranes

55
Q

Myelosuppression

A

Bone marrow depression

56
Q

Secondary tumors

A

New types of tumors

57
Q

Xerostomia

A

Dryness of mouth

Med Term (28 decks)

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