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Med Term > Blood System > Flashcards

Blood System Flashcards

1
Q

Albumin

A

Protein in blood; maintains right amount of water in blood

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2
Q

Antibody

A

Immunoglobulin protein produced by lymphocytes in response to bacterias/viruses

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3
Q

Antigen

A

Substance that stimulates production of antibody

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4
Q

Basophil

A

White blood cell stains blue; releases heparin/histamine (not clotting/ allergic response)

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5
Q

Bilirubin

A

Orange-yellow pigment in bile; form by breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells destroyed

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6
Q

Coagulation

A

Blood clotting

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7
Q

Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

A

Protein that stimulates growth of white blood cells

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8
Q

Differentiation

A

Change in structure/function of maturing cell; specialization

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9
Q

Electrophoresis

A

Method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

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10
Q

Eosinophil

A

White blood cell stains red; allergic reactions

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11
Q

Erythroblast

A

Immature red blood cell

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12
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Red blood cell; 5 million per microliter of blood; trans. Nutrients/oxygen;originate in marrow

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13
Q

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A

Hormone secreted by kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

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14
Q

Fibrin

A

Protein that forms basis of blood clot

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15
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Plasma protein converted to fibrin in clotting process

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15
Q

Globulin

A

Plasma protein (alpha,beta,gamma immune)

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16
Q

Granulocyte

A

White blood cell w/ dark staining granules; eosinophil,neutrophil,basophil

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17
Q

Hematopoietic stem cell

A

Cell in bone marrow gives rise to all blood cells

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18
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Blood protein contains iron; caries oxygen in red blood cells

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19
Q

Hemolysis

A

Destruction/breakdown of blood

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20
Q

Heparin

A

Anticoagulant in blood/tissue cells

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21
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

Protein w/ antibody activity

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22
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Mononuclear leukocyte produces antibodies/controls immune response

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23
Q

Macrophage

A

Monocyte migrates from blood to tissue spaces engulfs debris/destroys worn out red blood cells

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24
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

Large platelet precursor cell in bone marrow

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25
Q

Monocyte

A

One large nucleus. Engulf foreign material. Become macrophages as leave blood and enter body tissues

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26
Q

Mononuclear

A

Leukocyte w/ 1 nucleus

27
Q

Myeloblast

A

Immature bone marrow gives rise to granulocytes

28
Q

Neutrophil

A

Granulocytic leukocyte in bone marrow. Phagocytic tissue-fighting cell (polymorphonuclear leukocyte)

29
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid part of blood. (Contains water, proteins, salt, nutrients, lipids, hormones, vitamins

30
Q

Plasmapheresis

A

Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood

31
Q

Platelet

A

Blood fragment collects at injury sites to start clotting

32
Q

Reticulocyte

A

Immature erythrocyte

33
Q

Rh factor

A

Antigen on red blood cells

34
Q

Serum

A

Plasma w/out clotting proteins & cells

35
Q

Stem cell

A

In unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms

36
Q

Thrombin

A

Enzyme converts fibrinogen to fibrin during blood clotting

37
Q

Thrombocyte

A

Platelet

38
Q

Hemolytic anemia

A

Reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction (congenital spherocytic anemia)

39
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Crescent-shaped. Abnormal hemoglobin

40
Q

Polycythemia Vera

A

Increase in red blood cells (treated by phlebotomy and myelotoxic drugs)

41
Q

Leukemia

A

Increase in cancerous white blood cells

42
Q

Granulocytosis

A

Abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood (neutrophils)

43
Q

Mononucleosis

A

Increase # of mononuclear leukocytes/ enlarged cervical lymph nodes

44
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

Malignant neoplasm of bone marrow

45
Q

Poikilocytosis

A

Irregularity in shape of red blood cells (in certain anemia)

46
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

Lack of mature red cells; can’t absorb B12

47
Q

Thalassemia

A

Can’t produce hemoglobin (common in Mediterranean)

48
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

No cell production on marrow

49
Q

Hemochromatosis

A

Excess iron deposits in body

50
Q

Polycythemia

A

Abnormal increase in red blood cells

51
Q

Hemophilia

A

Excessive bleeding for lack of clotting factors

52
Q

Coagulation time

A

Time required for venous blood to clot in test tube

53
Q

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

A

Speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma

54
Q

Hematocrit

A

Percentage of red cells in a volume of blood

55
Q

Edema

A

Swelling (fluid from blood leaks into tissue)

56
Q

Petechiae

A

Tiny purple/red flat spots on skin from hemorrhages

57
Q

Relapse

A

Disease symptoms/signs reappear

58
Q

Remission

A

Disappearance of signs/symptoms

59
Q

Prothrombin

A

Plasma protein change to thrombin in clotting process

60
Q

Anticoagulants

A

Heparin, warfarin

61
Q

What is the most common type of anemia?

A

Iron-deficiency anemia

62
Q

Anemia

A

Deficiency in red blood cells/hemoglobin

63
Q

Hereditary spherocytosis

A

Less concave and fragile

64
Q

Purpura

A

Pinpoint hemorrhages/blood under skin

Med Term (28 decks)

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