Lower Respiratory

Question 1

Albuterol

Adrenergics

Answer 1

Bronchodilators
Bronchial smooth muscle relax
Beta 2 receptor only

CNS: tremor, nervousness, malaise
-CV: tachycardia, HTN, edema
-EENT: conjunctivitis, epistaxis, hoarseness, pharyngitis
-GI:N/V, anorexia
Res: bronchospasm, dyspnea
-cold symptom

Question 2

Tiotropium (Spiriva)

Anticholinergics

Answer 2

Bronchodilators
-maintenance treatment of bronchospasms associated with COPD

• Relaxes smooth muscle of bronchi.
• Dilates bronchi by inhibiting M3 receptors

CNS: insomnia, depression, headache dizziness.
CV: Chest pain, edema, angina pectoris.
EENT: cataract, glaucoma, epistaxis, rhinitis.
GI: dry mouth, abdominal pain, constipation, V/D
GU: UTI
Metabolic: hyperglycemia
Musculoskeletal: arthritis, leg pain, myalgia, skeletal pain.
Respiratory: cough, bronchitis
Skin: rash

Question 3

Theophylline
Capsules, D5W injection
Xanthine derivatives

Answer 3

Bronchodilators

• COPD maintenance
• Chronic/stable asthma

*Relax smooth muscles of bronchi, bronchioles, pulmonary blood vessels increased cAMP (bronchodilator) promotes bronchodilator

CNS: dizziness, headache
CV: palpitation, dysrhythmias, tachycardia, hypotension.
GI: N/D/V, gastric pain, anorexia.

Question 4

Montelukast (Singulair)
Tablets
Leukotriene-receptor antagonists.

Answer 4

Antiasthmatics
Prevention of bronchoconstriction
*Bind with leukotriene receptor to inhibit smooth muscle contraction and bronchoconstriction.

CNS: headache, dizziness, fatigue, fever, weakness.
EENT: conjunctivitis, otitis media, nosebleed, sinusitis, dental pain.
GI: abdominal pain, dyspepsia, gastroenteritis, N/D
GU: pyuria
Respiratory: URI, cough, pneumonia, bronchitis.
Skin: rash, dermatitis, eczema.
Other: flulike symptom, varicella.