Analgesics

Question 1

Acetaminophen 650mg PO every 4 hours PRN mild pain or fever
(Tylenol)
(non opioid )

Answer 1

Analgesics
Decrease pain and fever

• inhibit (weak) of prostaglandin
• Inhibit of hypothalamic heat-regulator center.
• CNS: anxiety, headache, insomnia
• Hypotension, edema
• GI disturbance
• leukopenia, neutropenia, anemia
• Rash, urticaria, pruritus

Question 2

Percocet 325mg 1 tablet PO every 4 hours PRN moderate pain
Percocet 325mg 2 tablets PO every 4 hours PRN severe pain
Percocet 5/325 ( 5g of oxycodone and 325g of acetaminophen) 1 tab
PO every 4 hours
Moderate pain

oxycodone hydrochloride-acetaminophen
Opioid agonist-para-aminophenol derivative

Answer 2

Opioid analgesics
Controlled substance schedule: II

CNS: paresthesia (tingling or prickling), dizziness, headache, insomnia
CV:peripheral edema, hypotension
EENT: dry mouth
GI: constipation, dyspepsia, N/V/D
Hematologic: hemolytic anemia, Thrombocytopenia
-Res: cough, apnea, respiratory arrest
-Skin: pruritus, erythema
-Anaphylactoid reaction

Question 3

Morphine sulfate 4mg

IV : 2 hours

Class: Opioid

Answer 3

Opioid analgesics
Severe pain

CNS: dizziness, drowsiness, headache, seizure, depression, hallucination

• CV: bradycardia, cardiac arrest, shock, HTN, hypotension
• EENT: miosis, blurred vision
• GI: constipation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia
• GU: Urine retention
• Hematologic: thrombocytopenia, anemia, leukopenia
• Respiratory:apnea, respiratory arrest, respiratory depression
• Skin: edema, diaphoresis, skin flushing, pain at injection site
• ↓lidido

Question 4

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

Opioids
Controlled substance II

Answer 4

Opioid analgesics
-Moderate to severe pain

• Semi-synthetic opioid similar to morphine
• analgesic effect is approximately 6X more potent than morphine

CNS: sedation, somnolence, dizziness, euphoria, drug withdraw syndrome, headache, confusion, syncope.
-CV: Cardiac arrest, hypotension, flushing, bradycardia, chest discomfort, edema, tachycardia.
EENT: blurred vision, diplopia, nystagmus ( Uncontrolled repetitive movements of the eyes)
-GI: N/V/D, constipation, anorexia, weight loss, dry mouth, abdominal pain, ileus (occlusion or paralysis of the bowel).
GU: urine retention, urinary frequency, erectile dysfunction, sexual disorder, hypogonadism.
Musculoskeletal: arthralgia, muscle contractions.
Respiratory: apnea, respiratory depression, bronchospasm.
Skin: diaphoresis, pruritus, hyperhidrosis ( is abnormally excessive sweating that’s not necessarily related to heat or exercise).

Question 5

Nalbuphine (Nubain)

Opioid agonist-antagonist-opioid partial agonists

Answer 5

Opioid
-moderate to severe pain.

*Inhibit of pain impulse transmitted in the CNS by binding with opiate receptor and increase pain threshold.
CNS: dizziness, headache, sedation, vertigo.
CV: bradycardia, hypotension
EENT: dry mouth
GI: nausea, vomiting
Respiratory: respiratory depression
Skin: clamminess, diaphoresis.

Question 6

Sumatriptan (Imitrex)

Serotonin 5-HT1 receptor agonists

Answer 6

Antimigraine
-treat migraine and cluster headaches

*Cause vasoconstriction of cranial arteries to relieve migraine attacks.

CNS: dizziness, vertigo, drowsiness, headache, malaise, fatigue.
CV: atrial fibrillation, ventricular fibrillation, MI, tightness in chest.
EENT: altered vision, discomfort of throat.
GI: abdominal discomfort, dysphagia, D/N/V, bad taste.
Musculoskeletal: myalgia, muscle cramps, neck pain.
Respiratory: upper respiratory tract inflammation and dyspnea.
Skin: tingle, diaphoresis, flushing.
Other: warm or hot sensation, burning sensation, heaviness, tight feeling in head, cold sensation, numbness.