Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

6. MSK > Lower Limb Muscles of the Leg > Flashcards

Lower Limb Muscles of the Leg Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus and fibularis tertius.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the overall role of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Dorsiflex and invert the foot at the ankle joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the tibialis anterior?

A

Lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the distal attachments of the tibialis anterior?

A

Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the tibialis anterior innervated by?

A

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the arterial supply of the tibialis anterior?

A

Anterior tibial artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the action of the tibialis anterior?

A

Dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the extensor digitorum longus?

A

Lateral condyle of tibia and superior three quarters of medial surface of fibula and interosseous membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the distal attachments of the extensor digitorum longus?

A

Middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the extensor digitorum longus innervated by?

A

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the arterial supply of the extensor digitorum longus?

A

Anterior tibial artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the action of the extensor digitorum longus?

A

Extends lateral four digits and dorsiflexes ankle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

Middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the distal attachments of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the extensor hallucis longus innervated by?

A

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the arterial supply of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

Anterior tibial artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the action of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

Extends great toe and dorsiflexes ankle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the fibularis tertius?

A

Inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the distal attachments of the fibularis tertius?

A

Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the fibularis tertius innervated by?

A

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the arterial supply of the fibularis tertius?

A

Anterior tibial artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the action of thefibularis tertius?

A

Dorsiflexes ankle and aids in eversion of foot.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What causes foot drop?

A

Common fibular nerve damage. The muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg are paralysed so there is unopposed pull of the plantarflexor muscles in the posterior leg to cause permanent plantarflexion and abnormal gait.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the two muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

The fibularis longus, and fibularis brevis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the job of the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

To evert the sole of the foot which effectively prevents excessive inversion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the fibularis longus?

A

Head and superior two thirds of lateral surface of fibula.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the distal attachments of the fibularis longus?

A

Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the fibularis longus innervated by?

A

Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the arterial supply of the fibularis longus?

A

Fibular artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the action of the fibularis longus?

A

Everts foot and weakly plantarflexes ankle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the fibularis brevis?

A

Inferior two thirds of lateral surface of fibula.

32
Q

What are the distal attachments of the fibularis brevis?

A

Dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal.

33
Q

What is the fibularis brevis innervated by?

A

Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2).

34
Q

What is the arterial supply of the fibularis brevis?

A

Fibular artery.

35
Q

What is the action of the fibularis brevis?

A

Everts foot and weakly plantarflexes ankle.

36
Q

How can the common fibular nerve by identified?

A

The fibularis longus is used as an anatomical landmark, there is a gap between the parts of the fibularis longus that originates from the fibular head and neck - the common fibular nerve passes through here. It then terminates by bifurcating into the deep and superficial fibular nerve branches.

37
Q

What are the seven muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg and the two layers they are in?

A

Superficial layer - gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris.

Deep layer - popliteus, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, and tibialis posterior.

38
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the gastrocnemius?

A

Lateral head - lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur.

Medial head - popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle.

39
Q

What are the distal attachments of the gastrocnemius?

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.

40
Q

What is the gastrocnemius innervated by?

A

Tibial nerve (S1, S2).

41
Q

What is the arterial supply of the gastrocnemius?

A

Sural artery and the posterior tibial artery.

42
Q

What is the action of the gastrocnemius?

A

Plantarflexes ankle when knee is extended, raises heel during walking, flexes leg at knee joint.

43
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the soleus?

A

Posterior aspect of head and superior quarter of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line and middle third of medial border of tibia, and tendinosus arch extending between the bony attachments.

44
Q

What are the distal attachments of the soleus?

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.

45
Q

What is the soleus innervated by?

A

Tibial nerve (S1, S2).

46
Q

What is the arterial supply of the soleus?

A

Posterior tibial artery.

47
Q

What is the action of the soleus?

A

Plantarflexes ankle independent of position of knee, steadies leg on foot.

48
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the plantaris?

A

Inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur, oblique popliteal ligament.

49
Q

What are the distal attachments of the plantaris?

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.

50
Q

What is the plantaris innervated by?

A

Tibial nerve (S1, S2).

51
Q

What is the arterial supply of the plantaris?

A

Popliteal artery.

52
Q

What is the action of the plantaris?

A

Weakly assits gastrocnemius in plantarflexing ankle.

53
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the popliteal?

A

Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus.

54
Q

What are the distal attachments of the popliteal?

A

Posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line.

55
Q

What is the popliteal innervated by?

A

Tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1).

56
Q

What is the arterial supply of the popliteal?

A

Popliteal artery.

57
Q

What is the action of the popliteal?

A

Weakly flexes knee and unlocks it by rotating femur 5 degree on fixed tibia, medially rotates tibia of unplanted limb.

58
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

Inferior two thirds of posterior surface offibula, inferior part of interosseous membrane.

59
Q

What are the distal attachments of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

Base of distal phalanx of great toe.

60
Q

What is the flexor hallucis longus innervated by?

A

Tibial nerve (S2, S3).

61
Q

What is the arterial supply of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

Fibular artery, posterior tibial artery.

62
Q

What is the action of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

Flexes great toe at all joints, weakly plantarflexes ankle, supports medial longitudinal arch of foot.

63
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line, by a broad tendon to fibula.

64
Q

What are the distal attachments of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits.

65
Q

What is the flexor digitorum longus innervated by?

A

Tibial nerve (S2, S3).

66
Q

What is the arterial supply of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

Posterior tibial artery.

67
Q

What is the action of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

Flexes lateral four digits, plantarflexes ankle, support longitudinal arches of foot.

68
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the tibialis posterior?

A

Interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line, posterior surface of fibula.

69
Q

What are the distal attachments of the tibialis posterior?

A

Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and sustentaculum tali of calcaneus, bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsals.

70
Q

What is the tibialis posterior innervated by?

A

Tibial nerve (L4, L5).

71
Q

What is the arterial supply of the tibialis posterior?

A

Fibular artery, posterior tibial artery.

72
Q

What is the action of the tibialis posterior?

A

Plantarflexes ankle, inverts foot.

73
Q

What is ruptured calcaneal tendon?

A

Partial or complete tear of the tendon, likely in people wiht a history of calcaneal tendonitis (chronic inflammation of the tendon).

74
Q

How is the calcaneal tendon ruptured?

A

Forceful plantarflexion of the foot.

75
Q

What is the clinical presentation of ruptured calcaneal tendon?

A

Unable to plantarflex the foot against resistance, foot is permanently dorsiflexed. Soleus and gastrocnemius contract to form a lump in the calf region.

76
Q

How is ruptured calcaneus tendon treated?

A

Non-surgically treated, unless patient has active lifestyle.

6. MSK (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions