Lower Limb Muscles, Nerves, & Actions

Question 1

gluteus maximus

Answer 1

superficial layer
inferior gluteal nerve
extend, laterally rotate thigh

Question 2

gluteus medius

Answer 2

middle layer
superior gluteal nerve
abduct, medially rotate thigh

Question 3

gluteus minimus

Answer 3

middle layer
superior gluteal nerve
abduct, medially rotate thigh

Question 4

tensor fascia latae

Answer 4

middle layer
superior gluteal nerve
abduct, medially rotate thigh

Question 5

piriformis

Answer 5

deep layer
ventral rami S1-S2
laterally rotate thigh

Question 6

superior gemellus

Answer 6

deep layer
nerve to obturator internus
laterally rotate thigh

Question 7

obturator internus

Answer 7

deep layer
nerve to obturator internus
laterally rotate thigh

Question 8

inferior gemellus

Answer 8

deep layer
nerve to quadratus femoris
laterally rotate thigh

Question 9

quadratus femoris

Answer 9

deep later
nerve to quadratus femoris
laterally rotate thigh

Question 10

illiopsoas

Answer 10

anterior compartment
femoral and lumbar nerve
flex thigh at hip

Question 11

sartorius

Answer 11

anterior compartment
femoral nerve
flex, abduct, laterally rotate hip; flex knee; crossing legs one over the other

Question 12

rectus femoris

Answer 12

anterior compartment
femoral nerve
flex hip, extend leg at knee

Question 13

vastus lateralis

Answer 13

anterior compartment
femoral nerve
extend leg at knee

Question 14

vastus intermedius

Answer 14

anterior compartment
femoral nerve
extend leg at knee

Question 15

vastus medialis

Answer 15

anterior compartment
femoral nerve
extend leg at knee

Question 16

pectineus

Answer 16

anterior compartment
femoral and obturator nerve
adduct thigh at hip

Question 17

gracilis

Answer 17

medial compartment
obturator nerve
adduct thigh at hip, flex and medially rotate leg at knee

Question 18

obturator externus

Answer 18

medial compartment
obturator nerve
laterally rotate thigh

Question 19

adductor longus

Answer 19

medial compartment
obturator nerve
adduct thigh at hip

Question 20

adductor brevis

Answer 20

medial compartment
obturator nerve
adduct thigh at hip

Question 21

adductor magnus

Answer 21

medial compartment
obturator and tibial nerve
adduct and extend thigh at hip

Question 22

semimembranosus

Answer 22

posterior compartment
tibial nerve
extend thigh, flex and medially rotate leg

Question 23

semitendinosus

Answer 23

posterior compartment

tibial nerve

Question 24

biceps femoris (long head)

Answer 24

posterior compartment
tibial nerve
extend thigh, flex and laterally rotate leg

Question 25

biceps femoris (short head)

Answer 25

posterior compartment
common fibular nerve
flex and laterally rotate leg

Question 26

tibilias anterior

Answer 26

anterior compartment
deep fibular nerve
dorsiflex ankle, invert foot

Question 27

extensor hallucis longus

Answer 27

anterior compartment
deep fibular nerve
dorsiflex ankle, extend great toe

Question 28

extensor digitorium longus

Answer 28

anterior compartment
deep fibular nerve
dorsiflex ankle, extend digit 2-5

Question 29

fibularis tertius

Answer 29

anterior compartment
deep fibular nerve
dorsiflex ankle, evert foot

Question 30

fibularis longus

Answer 30

lateral compartment
superifical fibular nerve
evert foot, weak plantar flexor at ankle

Question 31

fibularis brevis

Answer 31

lateral compartment
superficial fibular nerve
evert foot, weak plantar flexor at ankle

Question 32

gastrocnemius

Answer 32

posterior compartment
tibial nerve
flex at knee, plantar flex foot at ankle

Question 33

soleus

Answer 33

posterior compartment
tibial nerve
plantarflex foot at ankle, raise heel during walking

Question 34

plantaris

Answer 34

posterior compartment
tibial nerve
weakly plantarflex foot at ankle

Question 35

popliteus

Answer 35

posterior compartment
tibial nerve
weakly flex knee, unlock knee, laterally rotate femur on fixed tibia or medially rotate tibia of unplanted limb

Question 36

flexor hallucis longus

Answer 36

posterior compartment
tibial nerve
plantarflex foot at ankle, flex great toe

Question 37

flexor digitorium longus

Answer 37

posterior compartment
tibial nerve
plantarflex at ankle, flex digits 2-5, support longitudinal arch

Question 38

tibialis posterior

Answer 38

posterior compartment
tibial nerve
plantarflex foot at ankle, invert foot

Question 39

extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 39

dorsal compartment
deep fibular nerve
extend digits 2-5

Question 40

extensor hallucis brevis

Answer 40

dorsal compartment
deep fibular nerve
extends great toe

Question 41

flexor digitorium brevis

Answer 41

plantar compartment layer 1
medial plantar nerve
flex digits 2-5

Question 42

abductor hallucis

Answer 42

plantar compartment layer 1
medial plantar nerve
abduct and flex great toe

Question 43

abductor digiti minimi

Answer 43

plantar compartment layer 1
lateral plantar nerve
abduct and flex digit 5

Question 44

quadratus plantae

Answer 44

plantar compartment layer 2
lateral plantar nerve
assist in flexing digits 2-5

Question 45

lumbrical 1

Answer 45

plantar compartment layer 2
medial plantar nerve
flex PIP and extend DIP of digit 2

Question 46

lumbrical 2-4

Answer 46

plantar compartment layer 2
lateral plantar nerve
flex PIP and extend DIP of digits 3-5

Question 47

flexor hallucis brevis

Answer 47

plantar compartment layer 3
medial plantar nerve
flex PIP and extend DIP of digit 2

Question 48

adductor hallucis

Answer 48

plantar compartment layer 3
lateral plantar nerve
adduct great toe, support transverse arch

Question 49

flexor digiti minimi brevis

Answer 49

plantar compartment layer 3
lateral plantar nerve
flex digit 5

Question 50

plantar interossei (3)

Answer 50

plantar compartment layer 4
lateral plantar nerve
adduct digits 2-4, flex MP joints

Question 51

dorsal interossei (4)

Answer 51

plantar compartment layer 4
lateral plantar nerve
abduct digits 2-4, flex MP joints