Lower limb muscles Flashcards
Iliacus
Origin - Iliac fossa
Insertion - Lesser trochanter of femur
Function - Thigh/trunk flexion
Psoas major
Origin - Vertebral bodies of T12-L4,
Insertion - Lesser trochanter of femur as iliopsoas tendon
Function - Flexion of the thigh/trunk
Gluteus maximus
Origin - Lateroposterior surface of sacrum and coccyx,
Insertion - Iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur
Function - extension of the hipexternal rotation and abduction
Gluteus medius
Origin - Gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion - Lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Function - Thigh abduction and internal rotation
Gluteus minimus
Origin - Gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion - greater trochanter of femur
Function - hip abduction
Nerve supply - Superior gluteal nerve
Tensor fascia latae
Origin - Outer lip of anterior iliac crest,
Insertion - Lateral condyle of tibia
Function - Thigh internal rotation
Quadratus femoris
Origin - Ischial tuberosity
Insertion - Intertrochanteric crest of femur
Function - thigh external rotation
Nerve supply - Nerve to quadratus femoris
Priformis
Origin - Anterior surface of the sacrum
Insertion - Greater trochanter of the femur
Function - Thigh external rotation and abduction
Nerve supply - Nerve to piriformis
Rectus femoris
Origin - Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion - Tibial tuberosity
Function - Thigh flexion
Nerve supply - Femoral nerve
Vastus Lateralis
Origin - Intertrochanteric line
Insertion - Tibial tuberosity
Function - Leg extension
Vastus medialis
Origin - : Intertrochanteric line
Insertion - Tibial tuberosity
Function - Leg extension
Vastus intermedius
Origin - Anterior surface of femoral shaft
Insertion - Tibial tuberosity
Function - Leg extension
Nerve supply -Femoral nerve
Semitendinosus
Origin - Ischial tuberosity
Insertion - Proximal end of tibia
Function - Thigh extension and internal rotation
Nerve supply - Tibial division of sciatic nerve
Semimembranosus
Origin - Superolateral impression of ischial tuberosity
Insertion - Medial condyle of tibia
Function - thigh extension and internal rotation
Nerve supply - Tibial division of sciatic nerve
Biceps femoris
Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertion - head of fibula
Function - thigh extension, thigh external rotation;
Nerve supply - tibial division of sciatic nerve
Adductor magnus
Origin - Inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus
Insertion - Gluteal tuberosity,
Function - Thigh flexion, thigh adduction, thigh external rotation
Nerve supply - Obturator nerve
Adductor longus
Origin - Body of pubis
Insertion - Middle third of linea aspera of femur
Function - Thigh flexion, Thigh adduction, Thigh external rotation;
Nerve supply - Obturator nerve
Adductor brevis
Origin - Anterior body of pubis
Insertion - Linea aspera of femur
Function - thigh flexion, thigh adduction, thigh external rotation
Nerve supply - Obturator nerve
Tibialis anterior
Origin - Lateral surface of tibia
Insertion - Medial cuneiform bone
Function - foot dorsiflexion
Nerve supply - Deep fibular nerve
Tibialis posterior
Origin - Posterior surface of tibia
Insertion - Tuberosity of navicular bone
Function - Foot plantarflexion
Gastrocnemius
Origin - Upper posterolateral surface of lateral condyle of the femur
Insertion - Posterior surface of the calcaneus
Function - Foot plantar flexion
Soleus
Origin - Soleal line, medial border of tibia, head of fibula, posterior border of fibula
Insertion - Posterior surface of calcaneus
Function - Foot plantar flexion
Nerve supply -Tibial nerve
Peroneal (Fibularis) longus
Origin - Head of fibula,
Insertion - Medial cuneiform bone,
Function - : Foot plantar flexion;
Nerve supply - Superficial fibular nerve
Peroneal (Fibularis) brevis
Origin - Distal 2/3 of the lateral surface of fibula,
Insertion - Tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal bone
Function - Foot plantar flexion
Nerve supply - Superficial fibular nerve
Peroneal (Fibularis) tertius
Origin - Medial surface of fibula,
Insertion - Dorsal surface of base of metatarsal bone 5
Function - Foot dorsiflexion
Flexor digitorum longus
Origin - Posterior surface of tibia
Insertion - Bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Function - toe flexion
Nerve supply - Tibial nerve
Flexor hallucis longus
Origin - Posterior surface of fibula,
Insertion - Base of distal phalanx of great toe
Function - Toe flexion;
Nerve supply - Tibial nerve
Extensor digitorum longus
Origin - medial surface of fibula,
Insertion - Distal and middle phalanges of digits 2-5
Function - Toe extension;
Nerve supply - Deep fibular nerve
Extensor hallucis longus
Origin - Middle third of medial surface of fibula
Insertion - Base of distal phalanx of great toe
Function - toe extension
Nerve supply - Deep fibular nerve
Lumbricals
Origin - Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
Insertion - Medial bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansion of digits 2-5
Function - Toe flexion
Nerve supply - Medial and lateral plantar nerve
