Lower Limb GBA Flashcards
Sacroiliac Joints:
What are Its two parts?
Less Important But still: all Ligaments?
Sacroiliac Joints:
1) Anterior Synovial - Amphiarthrosis: Between the Auricular Surfaces of Sacrum and Ilium.
2) Posterior Syndesmosis - Between The two bones tuberosities.
Ligaments: Sacrospinous, Sacrotuberous, Post+Ant+Interosseous Ligaments
Pubic Symphysis:
Type and Ligaments.
Pubic Symphysis:
Fibrocartilage Joint (Fibrocartilage Disc).
Superior and inferior Ligaments.
Lumbosacral Joints:
What are Its three parts?
Less Important But still: all Ligaments?
Lumbosacral Joints:
1) Anterior Intervertebral Joint - V. Bodies of S1 and L5.
2+3) Two Posterior Zygapophysial Joints - Vertebral Inferior and Superior articular facets.
-Iliolumbar Ligament.
Hip Joint:
Type, Articulating Surfaces, Special Features
Hip Joint:
Ball and Socket
Head of Femur and Acetabulum-Lunar Surface
Fibrocartilage Acetabular Labrum deepening the facet and Transverse Acetabular ligament bridges the Acetabular Notch.
Hip Joint:
Ligaments, Movements, Bursae
Hip Joint:
(Extra) Iliofemoral, Pubofemoral, Ischiofemoral beld into Zona Orbicularis. (Intra) Ligament of the Head of the Femur.
Anteversion/Retroversion
Adduction/Abduction
Lateral/Medial Rotation
Bursae - Iliopectineal, Obturator Ext+Int, Trochanteric.
Knee Joint:
Type, Articulating Surfaces, Special Features
Knee Joint:
Trochoginglymus (Hinge-Trochoid)
2 -Lateral and Medial Condyles of Tibia and Femur
1 - Femoropatellar
Medial Meniscus - C-Shaped, Connected to Collateral Lig.
Lateral Meniscus - Circular, Connected to Ant+Post Meniscofemoral Lig.
Knee Joint:
Ligaments: Extra and Intracapsular, Movements, Bursae
Knee Joint:
Extracapsular Ligaments- Patellar, Tibial Collateral, Fibular Collateral, Oblique Popliteal, Arcuate Popliteal.
Intracapsular (Cruciate) Ligaments- Anterior (ACL) and Posterior (PCL) “Crossed Fingers”, Coronary and Transverse.
Flexion/Extension
Medial/Lateral Rotation
Obligatory Terminal Rotation (Medial-Locking)
12 Bursae, Important are - Supra/Intra/Pre-Patellar
Tibiofibular Joint:
What are Its two parts?
Less Important But still: all Ligaments?
Tibiofibular Joint:
1) Superior Tibiofibular Joint -Plane Type (Compensatory)
Fibular Head Ant+Post Ligaments
2)Tibiofibular Syndesmosis - Interosseous Membrane
Posterior Tibiofibular Ligaments - Inf. Tibiofibular Joint
(In Malleolar Region)
Talocrural Joint (Upper Ankle): Type, Articulating Surfaces, Special Features
Talocrural Joint:(Upper Ankle):
Hinge Type
1) Inferior Tibia with Trochlea of Talus
2) Tibia - Medial Malleolus with Talus Medial Facet
3) Fibula - Lateral Malleolus with Talus Lateral Facet
Malleolar Mortise Holds the Trochlea in place tightly.
Talocrural Joint (Upper Ankle):
Lateral and Medial Collateral Ligaments parts
Movements
Talocrural Joint (Upper Ankle):
Lateral Collateral Ligament parts :
Anterior and Posterior Talofibular
Calcaneofibular
Medial Collateral Ligament parts :”Deltoid Ligament “
Anterior and Posterior Tibiotalar
Tibiocalcaneal and Tibionavicular
Dorsiflexion/Plantarflexion
Subtalar Joint (Part of Lower Ankle): Type, Articulating Surfaces, Ligaments
Subtalar Joint (Part of Lower Ankle): Talocalcaneal Pivot Type
Posterior Articulating facets of Calcaneus and Talus
Ligaments: Medial, Lateral, Posterior and Interosseous Talocalcaneal
Talonaviculocalcaneal Joint (Part of Lower Ankle): Type, Ligaments, Movements
Talonaviculocalcaneal Joint (Part of Lower Ankle): (Anterior) Talocalcaneal part is Plane and Talonavicular is Spheroidal - Overall Pivot.
Ligaments: (Spring) Calcaneonavicular and Bifurcate
Eversion (Pronation) / Inversion (Supination)
Amputation Lines:
Chopart’s - Btw Talus, Calcaneus to Navicular, Cuboid.
Lisfranc’s - Btw Tarsals to Metatarsals
Tarsometatarsal Joint Type
Plane
Intermetatarsal Joint Type
Plane
Metatarsophalangeal Joint Type
Ball and Socket - Functionally Ellipsoid
Interphalangeal Joint Type
Hinge
Bones that make the Lateral Longitudinal Plantar Arch
Calcaneus
Cuboid
4th and 5th Metatarsals
Bones that make the Medial Longitudinal Plantar Arch
Calcaneus
Talus
Navicular and Cuneiform
1-3rd Metatarsals
Ligaments that make the Medial Longitudinal Plantar Arch
Spring and Deltoid Ligaments are the most Important Ones
Ligament that make the Lateral Longitudinal Plantar Arch
Plantar Aponeurosis is the Most important one
Obturator Externus :
Action and Innervation
Adduction and External Rotation
Obturator Nerve
Pectineus:
Action and Innervation
Adduction and External Rotation
Obturator Nerve and Femoral Nerve
Adductor Longus:
Action and Innervation
Adduction and Flexion
Obturator Nerve
Adductor Magnus:
Action and Innervation
Adduction, External Rotation and Flexion
Obturator Nerve
Sartorius:
Action and Innervation
Knee-Flexion and Internal Rotation
Hip - Flexion, Abduction and External Rotation
Femoral Nerve
Popliteus:
Action and Innervation
Knee - Flexion and Internal Rotation
Tibial Nerve
Plantaris:
Action and Innervation
May act to prevent compression of posterior leg muscles
Tibial Nerve
Which muscles are reinforcing the Longitudinal and Transverse plantar arch?
Longitudinal - Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Transverse - Peroneal Longus
