Internal Organs GBA Flashcards by Guy Ben Arie

Venous drainage of the Prostate?

Clinical relevance?

Santorini’s Plexus - into the internal iliac vein which connects with the vertebral venous plexus.
Metastasis to vertebral bodies!

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What are the Borders and Contents of the Lateral Sulcus of the Tongue?

Lateral Sulcus of the Tongue:
Borders- Mylohyoid, Hyoglossus and Hyoid bone
Contents (Sup to Inf): Submandibular Duct, Lingual Nerve, Lingual Vein and Hypoglossal Nerve.

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What are the impressions of the Anterior Part of the Left Kidney?

Stomach
Spleen
Colon

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11 Intraperitoneal Organs (Detail parts of GI and Genitals)

Liver
Stomach
Duodenum Sup part
Jejunum
Ileum
Appendix+ Cecum
Transverse colon
Uterus
Fallopian tube
Superior Rectum
Sigmoid Colon

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Constrictions of the Ureter?

1) Renal Pelvis - Ureter Junction
2) Entering the Pelvis
3) Entering the wall of the Urinary Bladder

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Borders of Pterygov Triangle and Contents?

Superiorly-Hypoglossal Nerve
Anteriorly - Mylohyoid Muscle
Posteriorly - Stylohyoid Muscle
Contents - Lingual Artery (Behind Hyoglossus)

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Pelvic Inlet / Lesser Pelvis Borders on Bone

Promontory, Ala of Sacrum, Arcuate Line, Pecten Pubis and Pubic Symphysis

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Passage through diaphragm of :

Azygos and Hemiazygos Veins + Greater Splanchnic Nerves ?

Azygos and Hemiazygos Veins + Greater Splanchnic Nerves

Go through Medial Crus

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What are the Borders and Contents of the Medial Sulcus of the Tongue?

Medial Sulcus of the Tongue:
Borders- Hyoglossus, Genioglossus and Hyoid bone
Contents - Lingual Artery and Glossopharyngeal nerve

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Find SA node

Between Crista terminalis and SVC

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Vessels in the Gastrosplenic ligament

Short gastric Arteries and Left Gastro Omental Artery

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Treitz Ligament:

From Medial Diaphragm Crura to Duodenojejunal Flexure - Lifting it up

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Impressions on the Right Lung?

Branchiocephalic Trunk
SVC IVC
Azygos Vein
Esophagous
Cardiac

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Capsules of the Kidney:

Fibrous capsule (Inner)
Perirenal adipose capsule
Renal fascia of Gerota (Outer)

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Passage through diaphragm of :

Lesser Splanchnic Nerves ?

Lesser Splanchnic Nerves

Go through Lateral Crus

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Which muscles are able to Relax the Vocal ligaments?

Innervation?

Thyroarytenoid and Vocalis

Inferior Laryngeal Nerve from Recurrent Laryngeal

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What is the anastomosis of arteries in the Nasal cavity ?(prone for rapture)

Kiesselbach's triangle:
Anterior ethmoidal artery
Sphenopalatine artery 
Greater palatine artery 
Septal branch of the superior labial artery

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Parts of the Diaphragm

Muscular - Sternal, Costal, Lumbar
Central Tendon
Lumbar is divided to Medial Muscular Crura and Lateral Ligamentous arches

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Defenition of Coronary dominance:

Stats as well.

The artery that supplies the posterior third of the interventricular septum – the posterior descending artery (PDA) determines the coronary dominance.
70% of Population is Right Dominant
20% are Left
10% Both

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What are the impressions of the Liver?

Colic
Renal
Suprarenal
Esophageal
Gastric

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How would you recognize the Maternal from Amniotic part of the Placenta?

Maternal - Bulky with Cotyledons

Amniotic - Smooth

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What is the Sustentaculum Lienis:

Phrenicocolic Ligament Passing right under the Spleen Lifting it up

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Deepest Point in Laying Female/male

Hepatorenal Recess - Morrison’s Pouch

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Which muscle is able to Tense the Vocal ligaments?

Cricothyroid

Superior Laryngeal Nerve

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What is the Danger space? What are its Borders?

Btw Alar fascia, Prevertebral Fascia and Carotid Sheeth on the Lateral ends. Descends from the Level of Oral cavity to T4 - Infection spreading made possible

Reccurent Laryngeal Nerve loops

Right - Under Subclavian artery | Left - Under Aortic Arch

Cannon Bohm Point:

End of the Vagus parasympathetic innervation. | Right 1/3 of Transverse Colon

Secondary Retroperitoneal Organs (Detail parts of GI and Genitals) - 2 Structures What does it mean?

Development in Peritoneal sac but then lost it - Duodenum Descending part - Pancreas

Which muscles are able to Adduct the Vocal ligaments? | Innervation?

Lateral Cricoarythnoid and Interarytenoids | Inferior Laryngeal Nerve from Recurrent Laryngeal

What should reside in the Pleural cavity? | Clinical importance.

Serous pleural fluid - Lubrication | If there's Air inside - Pneumothorax

What are Head zones? Name them for: Heart, Pancreas, Ureter and Gallbladder.

``` Projections of Internal organ dysfunction as skin pain. Heart - Left shoulder and Chest Pancreas - Belt below umbilicus Ureter and Kidney - Lower back Gallbladder - Subcostal line on backside ```

Left Supraclavicular Lymph node of Virchow | Could signal ____ of *Abdominal organ* .

Left Supraclavicular Lymph node of Virchow | Could signal Metastatic Gastric Cancer.

Which anastomosis happen due to Liver Cirrhosis? | Give 4 Examples

Portacaval Anastomosis (Portal Right - Caval Left) : 1) Caput Medusae - Paraumbilical Veins and Inferior Epigastric Veins 2) Cardia Veins and Azygos System 3) Sup. Rectal with Mid. and Inf Rectal 4) Splenic Vein and Renal Veins

Elastic Cartilage of the Larynx

Corniculate, Cuneiform and Epiglottis

What is the difference between the Left and Right Renal Veins?

Left one is Longer and Receives the Left Gonadal Vein | Right one is shorter and Does Not receive Gonadal

Pharyngeal Elevators:

Stylopharyngeus Palatopharyngeus Salpingopharyngeus

What is the Blood supply of the Adrenal gland and from which arteries?

Sup suprarenal a.(from inferior phrenic a) Mid suprarenal a.(from abdominal aorta) Inf suprarenal a.(from renal a)

What are the impressions of the Anterior Part of the Right Kidney?

Liver | Colic

Find AV node

In Koch triangle - Borders: | Thebesian Valve, Tendon of Todaro and Tricuspid Valve

Deepest Point in standing Female

Rectouterine Pouch - Douglas

Important Structures in the Right Ventricle

Moderator Band | Supraventricular Crest

Large Lymph vessels reaching the Thoracic duct just at the Venous angle?

Bronchomedistinal Deep cervical Jugular

Primary Retroperitoneal Organs (Detail parts of GI and Genitals) - 4 Structures

Kidney Adrenal Ureter Rectum Middle 1/3rd

Important Anastomosis Between IMA and SMA Branches?

Greater Riolan's Arch | Middle colic and Left colic

What are the Two Pericardial Projections?

Arterial and Venous (Shapey's T)

How Many segments does the Right and Left Lungs have? How Many Fissures

Right Lung - 2 fissure - 3 Lobes 10 Segments Left Lung - 1 Fissure - 2 Lobes 9 Segments

How many major calyces and minor calyces in the kidney?

3 Major | 9-12 Minor

Ligaments of the Liver:

``` Coronary Right and Left Triangular Falciform Round Ligamentum Ductus Venosus ```

Middle Pharyngeal constrictor parts:

Chondropharyngeal part | Ceratopharyngeal part

Which is the only muscle able to Abduct the Vocal ligaments? Innervation?

Posterior Cricoarythenoid | Inferior Laryngeal Nerve from Recurrent Laryngeal

Heart Auscultation Points:

Aortic valve - 2nd Right intercostal Space Pulmonary Valve - 2nd Left Intercostal Space Erb's Point (S2 Sound) - 3rd Left Intercostal Space Tricuspid Valve - 4th Left Intercostal Space Mitral Valve - 5th Left Intercostal Space - 9cm/Midclavicular Line

Inferior Pharyngeal constrictor parts:

Thyropharyngeus | Cricopharyngeus

Preperitoneal folds:

Midian - Urachus: Allantois remnant Medial - Obliterated Umbilical Arteries Lateral - Inferior Epigastric Arteries

Important Anastomosis Between 2 IMA Branches?

Sudak Point | Sigmoidal artery and Superior Rectal Artery

Superior Pharyngeal constrictor parts:

Pterygopharyngeal part Buccopharyngeal part Mylopharyngeal part Glossopharyngeal part

Crossing of the Ureter?

1) Behind Gonadal Artery 2) Inferont Common Iliac 3) Behind Deferens/Uterine Artery

Kidney vasculature pathway?

Renal arteries -Segmental branches- Interlobar arteries - Arcuate arteries - Interlobular arteries - Afferent Arterioles - Efferent Arterioles

Widest Pelvic Diameters and In which axis? | Why is this Important?

Pelvic Inlet -Transverse- 13cm Pelvic Amplitudo -Oblique- 14cm Pelvic Outlet - Sagittal - 11cm Explains the Need for Baby to rotate upon delivery

Passage through diaphragm of : | Superior Epigastric?

Superior Epigastric | Go through Sternocostal Triangle

In the Right lung the Bronchus is Above/Below the Artery.

In the Right lung the Bronchus is ABOVE the Artery.

Impressions on the Left Lung?

Aorta Brachiocephalic Vein Cardiac Notch