Lower Extremity Joints II: Knee diagnostics, Foot Arches and Joints and Ankle Joint Flashcards
Cruciate ligaments
Named according to attachment to tibia
Join femur to tibia
Clinical note: pes planus (flatfeet)
Results from “fallen arches”
- Usually medial parts of longitudinal arch
- Plantar ligaments and plantar aponeurosis becomes abnormally stretched
- Talar head becomes prominent
What kind of joint is the ankle?
Talocrural joint
What stabilizes the ankle joint during eversion?
Medial or Deltoid ligament
High ankle sprain effects which ligaments?
Lateral ligaments
What does the Transverse Tarsal Joint do?
Joint is formed by 2 separate joints that are aligned transversely (talonavicular joint and calcaneocuboid joint)
Permit slight rotation and add to inversion and eversion at talocalcaneal joint
Where do amputations of the foot occur?
Across transverse tarsal joint
What are 2 important intertarsal joints (foot joints)?
Transverse tarsal joint
Subtalar joint
Subtalar (talocalcanean) joint
Where talus rests on calcaneus
Inversion/eversion
Clinical note: Ankle Sprains
Ankle is most frequently injured joint in body
Ankle sprain: (ligament fiber tears) almost always inversion injury
When are Lachman’s Test used?
For ACL
Pivot-Shift test
This test is one of the three major tests for assessing anterior cruciate injury or laxity, the other two being the anterior drawer and Lachman test. However, unlike the other two, it tests for instability, an important determinant as to how the knee will function
Quads Active Test is for testing what?
PCL
Curve of femoral condyle is dictated by what?
By the placement of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments
Misplacement of cruciate ligament grafts can lead to excessive wear
Menisci on anterior edges are joined by what?
Transverse ligament of knee
Allows the 2 meniscus to stay together when moving around
